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  2. Noria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noria

    The term noria is commonly used for devices which use the power of moving water to turn the wheel. [3] For devices powered by animals, the usual term is saqiyah or saqiya. [4] Other types of similar devices are grouped under the name of chain pumps. However, the names of traditional water-raising devices used in the Middle East, India, Spain ...

  3. History of water supply and sanitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_water_supply...

    In ancient Rome, the Cloaca Maxima, considered a marvel of engineering, discharged into the Tiber. Public latrines were built over the Cloaca Maxima. [32] Beginning in the Roman era a water wheel device known as a noria supplied water to aqueducts and other water distribution systems in major cities in Europe and the Middle East.

  4. Waterskin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterskin

    Most waterskins could hold between 18 and 27.5 L (5 and 7 US gallons; 4 and 6 imperial gallons) of water. [1] The disadvantage of waterskins is that people who have fetched water in the skin bottle and who have drunk water from the same have complained of the water taking on the bad taste of the goatskin. [4]

  5. Loutrophoros - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loutrophoros

    A loutrophoros (Ancient Greek: λουτροφόρος, romanized: loutrophóros, lit. 'loutrophoros'; Greek etymology: λουτρόν/loutron and φέρω/pherō, English translation: "bathwater" and "carry") is a distinctive type of Greek pottery vessel characterized by an elongated neck with two handles.

  6. Archimedes' screw - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archimedes'_screw

    The screw pump is the oldest positive displacement pump. [1] The first records of a water screw, or screw pump, date back to Hellenistic Egypt before the 3rd century BC. [1] [3] The Egyptian screw, used to lift water from the Nile, was composed of tubes wound round a cylinder; as the entire unit rotates, water is lifted within the spiral tube to the higher elevation.

  7. Hydria - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydria

    With one hand on the outside and one on the inside, the potter's hands would press together and form the upward curve of the hydria. [7] At the shoulder level, the potter would smooth the clay inwards, forming the base of the neck. [7] The shoulder was then smoothed out with a rib tool to remove any throwing striations. [7]

  8. The Meaning Behind Christmas Candles In The Window - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/meaning-behind-putting...

    The classic holiday tradition of placing candles in our windows goes back centuries.

  9. Water clock - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_clock

    The water clocks, called pengan (and later fenjan) used were one of the most practical ancient tools for timing the yearly calendar. [ 26 ] [ 27 ] The water clock was the most accurate and commonly used timekeeping device for calculating the amount or the time that a farmer must take water from a qanat or well for irrigation until more accurate ...