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Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a serotype of the bacterial species Escherichia coli and is one of the Shiga-like toxin–producing types of E. coli. It is a cause of disease , typically foodborne illness , through consumption of contaminated and raw food, including raw milk and undercooked ground beef .
The clinical presentation in humans ranges from a mild and uncomplicated diarrhea to a hemorrhagic colitis with severe abdominal pain. Serotype O157:H7 may trigger an infectious dose with 100 bacterial cells or fewer; other strain such as 104:H4 has also caused an outbreak in Germany 2011.
EIEC infection causes a syndrome that is identical to shigellosis, with profuse diarrhea and high fever. Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) found in humans, cattle, and goats Bloody or nonbloody The most infamous member of this pathotype is strain O157:H7, which causes bloody diarrhea and no fever.
The strain involved, E. coli O157:H7, can cause serious illness and was the source of a 1993 outbreak that killed four children who ate undercooked hamburgers at Jack in the Box restaurants.
Shiga-like toxin (SLT) is a historical term for similar or identical toxins produced by Escherichia coli. [3] The most common sources for Shiga toxin are the bacteria S. dysenteriae and some serotypes of Escherichia coli (shigatoxigenic or STEC), which include serotypes O157:H7, and O104:H4. [4] [5]
This can cause elevated physical temperature, painful spasms of the intestinal muscles , swelling due to fluid leaking from capillaries of the intestine and further tissue damage by the body's immune cells and the chemicals, called cytokines, which are released to fight the infection. The result can be impaired nutrient absorption, excessive ...
The most frequent cause is Escherichia coli. Urine is typically sterile but contains a variety of salts and waste products. Bacteria can ascend into the bladder or kidney and causing cystitis and nephritis. [15] [16] Bacterial gastroenteritis is caused by enteric, pathogenic bacteria.
HUS occurs after 3–7% of all sporadic E. coli O157:H7 infections and up to approximately 20% or more of epidemic infections. [43] Children and adolescents are commonly affected. [ 44 ] One reason could be that children have more Gb3 receptors than adults which may be why children are more susceptible to HUS.