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Kyphoscoliosis describes an abnormal curvature of the spine in both the coronal and sagittal planes. It is a combination of kyphosis and scoliosis.This musculoskeletal disorder often leads to other issues in patients, such as under-ventilation of lungs, pulmonary hypertension, difficulty in performing day-to-day activities, and psychological issues emanating from anxiety about acceptance among ...
Scoliosis is defined as a three-dimensional deviation in the axis of a person's spine. [46] [7] Most instances, including the Scoliosis Research Society, define scoliosis as a Cobb angle of more than 10° to the right or left as the examiner faces the person, i.e. in the coronal plane. [86]
X-ray image of an Idiopathic scoliosis. The neuromechanics of idiopathic scoliosis is about the changes in the bones, muscles and joints in cases of spinal deformity consisting of a lateral curvature scoliosis and a rotation of the vertebrae within the curve, that is not explained by either congenital vertebral abnormalities, or neuromuscular disorders such as muscular dystrophy.
In Germany, a standard treatment for both Scheuermann's disease and lumbar kyphosis is the Schroth method, a system of physical therapy for scoliosis and related spinal deformities. [18] It involves lying supine, placing a pillow under the scapular region and posteriorly stretching the cervical spine.
The management of scoliosis is complex and is determined primarily by the type of scoliosis encountered: syndromic, congenital, neuromuscular, or idiopathic. [1] Treatment options for idiopathic scoliosis are determined in part by the severity of the curvature and skeletal maturity , which together help predict the likelihood of progression.
Scoliosis has been known to cause unilateral iliocostal friction syndrome. [5] It is a condition in which the lateral curvature of the spine is measured to be more than 10 degrees. Scoliosis is typically categorized into congenital, neuromuscular, idiopathic, degenerative, and pathologic forms. [7]
It was originally used to measure coronal plane deformity on radiographs with antero-posterior projection for the classification of scoliosis. [9] It has subsequently been adapted to classify sagittal plane deformity, especially in the setting of traumatic thoracolumbar spine fractures.
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a disorder in which the spine starts abnormally curving sideways between the ages of 10–18 years old. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Generally, AIS occurs during the growth spurt associated with adolescence.