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Parthenocarpy is undesirable in nut crops, such as pistachio, for which the seed is the edible part. Horticulturists have selected and propagated parthenocarpic cultivars of many plants, including banana , fig , cactus pear ( Opuntia ), breadfruit and eggplant .
Stenospermocarpy is the biological mechanism that produces parthenocarpy (seedlessness) in some fruits, notably many table grapes. In stenospermocarpic fruits, normal pollination and fertilization are still required to ensure that the fruit 'sets', i.e. continues to develop on the plant; however subsequent abortion of the embryo that began ...
In male sterile plants, the parthenocarpy expresses itself only sporadically on the plant with deformed fruits. It has been reported that plant hormones provided by the ovary seed (such as auxins and gibberellins) promote fruit set and growth to produce seedless fruits. Initially, without seeds in the fruit, vegetative propagation was essential.
In contrast to parthenocarpy, which involves seedless fruit formation without fertilization, apomictic fruits have viable seeds containing a proper embryo, with asexual origin. In flowering plants, the term "apomixis" is used in a restricted sense to mean agamospermy, i.e. clonal reproduction through seeds.
The domesticated species have larger fruits and larger yet fewer seeds. [8] Parthenocarpy is known to occur in certain cultivars of C. pepo. [9] [10] The leaves have three to five lobes and are 20–35 centimetres (8–14 in) wide. All the subspecies, varieties, and cultivars are conspecific and interfertile.
When the production of psychoactive cannabinoids is sought, female plants are grown separately from male plants to induce parthenocarpy in the female plant's fruits (popularly called "sin semilla" which is Spanish for "without seed" ) and increase the production of cannabinoid-rich resin. [18] In soil, the optimum pH for the plant is 6.3 to 6.8.
D) The presence of extra embryos formed from the nucellar tissue gives rise to polyembryonic seeds. E) Polyembryonic seeds germinate and develop. [1] Most commercial citrus varieties produce mainly nucellar seedlings. Nucellar embryony (notated Nu+) is a form of seed reproduction that occurs in certain plant species, including many citrus ...
Vivipary – This is a feature of many mangrove trees, where the seed germinates when the seed (and fruit) remain joined to the mother plant until the radicle and hypocotyl grow, reach the ground, and establish there. [11] (See also: seeds and germination related sections and articles) Adventitious root systems