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The Reichskommissariat Ukraine (RKU; lit. ' Reich Commissariat of Ukraine ') was established by Nazi Germany in 1941 during World War II. It was the civilian occupation regime of much of German-occupied Ukraine (it also included adjacent areas of the Byelorussian SSR, Russian SFSR, and pre-war Poland).
Ukrainian collaboration with Nazi Germany took place during the occupation of Poland and the Ukrainian SSR, USSR, by Nazi Germany during the Second World War. [ 1 ] By September 1941, the German-occupied territory of Ukraine was divided between two new German administrative units, the District of Galicia of the Nazi General Government and the ...
It commemorates the Liberation of Ukraine from Nazi Germany on 28 October 1944. [1] The first settlements in Eastern Ukraine were liberated by the Red Army in December 1942. Major battles for the liberation of the Ukrainian SSR lasted from January 1943 to the autumn of 1944. At this time, half of Ukraine was in the hands of the Red Army.
Map showing the location of "Werwolf", and other Führer Headquarters throughout Europe. Führerhauptquartier Werwolf was the codename used for one of Adolf Hitler's World War II Eastern Front military headquarters located in a pine forest about 12 kilometres (7 + 1 ⁄ 2 miles) north of Vinnytsia, in Ukraine, which was used between 1942 and 1943.
After the joint Soviet-German invasion of Poland on 1 and 17 September 1939, the USSR and Nazi Germany signed the German–Soviet Frontier Treaty on 28 September 1939, which assigned about 200,000 km 2 (77,000 sq mi) of Polish territory inhabited by 13.5 million people of all nationalities to the Soviet Union.
During World War II, the Crimean Peninsula was subject to military administration by Nazi Germany following the success of the Crimean campaign.Officially part of Generalbezirk Krym-Taurien, an administrative division of Reichskommissariat Ukraine, Crimea proper never actually became part of the Generalbezirk, and was instead subordinate to a military administration.
By the end of 1944, there were 212 fighter battalions with 23,906 fighters and 2,336 support groups with 24,025 members in the western regions of Ukraine. [87] On 9 October 1944, the NKVD and the NKDB of the USSR issued an order "On measures to combat the OUN underground and eliminate OUN armed gangs in the western regions of the USSR."
In 1917–1920 the territory at various times passed between the Ukrainians, Bolsheviks and White Russians, decisively becoming part Soviet Ukraine in 1920. It was the scene of Soviet genocidal crimes, chiefly the Holodomor of 1932–1933 and part of the Katyn massacre of 1940. [9] During World War II, it was occupied by Germany from 1941 to 1944.