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There are two types of Footprinting that can be used: active Footprinting and passive Footprinting. Active Footprinting is the process of using tools and techniques, such as performing a ping sweep or using the traceroute command, to gather information on a target.
The footprint may track the user's IP address, when it was created, where it came from, and the footprint later being analyzed. In an offline environment, administrators can access and view the machine's actions without seeing who performed them.
Organizational data vulnerable to cyber-attacks, with vulnerability denoted by v (0 ≤ v ≤ 1), representing the probability of a breach occurring under current conditions. The potential loss from a breach, represented by L, which can be expressed in monetary terms. The expected loss is calculated as vL before additional cybersecurity ...
In computing, footprint of an application software (or application footprint) provides a sense of sizing of its various constituents, and hence, is a spatial measurement, in a given context, such as disk footprint, memory footprint (a.k.a. runtime footprint), network footprint, etc. In each case, footprint of an application excludes data that ...
Step 2: Find indicators of exposures. The second step is to correspond each indicator of a vulnerability being potentially exposed to the visualized map in the previous step. IOEs include "missing security controls in systems and software". [4] Step 3: Find indicators of compromise. This is an indicator that an attack has already succeeded. [4]
The cyber kill chain is the process by which perpetrators carry out cyberattacks. [2] Lockheed Martin adapted the concept of the kill chain from a military setting to information security, using it as a method for modeling intrusions on a computer network. [3] The cyber kill chain model has seen some adoption in the information security ...
In cryptography, a message authentication code (MAC), sometimes known as an authentication tag, is a short piece of information used for authenticating and integrity-checking a message.
Malicious code is a broad category that encompasses a number of threats to cyber-security. In essence it is any “hardware, software, or firmware that is intentionally included or inserted in a system for a harmful purpose.” [6] Commonly referred to as malware it includes computer viruses, worms, Trojan horses, keyloggers, BOTs, Rootkits, and any software security exploits.