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  2. Video compression picture types - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_compression_picture...

    Three types of pictures (or frames) are used in video compression: I, P, and B frames.. An I‑frame (intra-coded picture) is a complete image, like a JPG or BMP image file.. A P‑frame (Predicted picture) holds only the changes in the image from a previous frame.

  3. Compression artifact - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compression_artifact

    A compression artifact (or artefact) is a noticeable distortion of media (including images, audio, and video) caused by the application of lossy compression. Lossy data compression involves discarding some of the media's data so that it becomes small enough to be stored within the desired disk space or transmitted ( streamed ) within the ...

  4. High Efficiency Video Coding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Efficiency_Video_Coding

    The video encoding was done for entertainment applications and twelve different bitrates were made for the nine video test sequences with a HM-8.0 HEVC encoder being used. Of the nine video test sequences, five were at HD resolution, while four were at WVGA (800×480) resolution. The bit rate reductions for HEVC were determined based on PSNR ...

  5. Texture compression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texture_compression

    Texture compression is a specialized form of image compression designed for storing texture maps in 3D computer graphics rendering systems. Unlike conventional image compression algorithms, texture compression algorithms are optimized for random access. Texture compression can be applied to reduce memory usage at runtime.

  6. Chroma subsampling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chroma_subsampling

    Widely used chroma subsampling formats. Chroma subsampling is the practice of encoding images by implementing less resolution for chroma information than for luma information, taking advantage of the human visual system's lower acuity for color differences than for luminance.

  7. Fractal compression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractal_compression

    2 triangles, example to show how fractal compression works. Fractal compression is a lossy compression method for digital images, based on fractals.The method is best suited for textures and natural images, relying on the fact that parts of an image often resemble other parts of the same image. [1]

  8. Shadow and highlight enhancement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow_and_highlight...

    One way to brighten shadows in image editing software such as GIMP or Adobe Photoshop is to duplicate the background layer, invert the copy and set the blend modes of that top layer to "Soft Light". You can also use an inverted black and white copy of the image as a mask on a brightening layer, such as Curves or Levels.

  9. Lossless compression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lossless_compression

    Most lossless compression programs do two things in sequence: the first step generates a statistical model for the input data, and the second step uses this model to map input data to bit sequences in such a way that "probable" (i.e. frequently encountered) data will produce shorter output than "improbable" data.