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  2. Floodplain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floodplain

    A floodplain or flood plain or bottomlands [1] is an area of land adjacent to a river. Floodplains stretch from the banks of a river channel to the base of the enclosing valley, and experience flooding during periods of high discharge . [ 2 ]

  3. Backswamp - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backswamp

    In geology, a backswamp is a type of depositional environment commonly found in a floodplain. It is where deposits of fine silts and clays settle after a flood. These deposits create a marsh-like landscape that is often poorly drained and usually lower than the rest of the floodplain. [1] Levees form as a result of the flooding process.

  4. River terraces (tectonic–climatic interaction) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_terraces_(tectonic...

    A series of terraces along a river. The oldest terraces (T1) are higher standing than the younger terraces (T3). The present floodplain (T4) will soon become the youngest terrace surface as the river incises. Terraces can be formed in many ways and in several geologic and environmental settings. By studying the size, shape, and age of terraces ...

  5. River morphology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River_morphology

    The terms river morphology and its synonym stream morphology are used to describe the shapes of river channels and how they change in shape and direction over time. The morphology of a river channel is a function of a number of processes and environmental conditions, including the composition and erodibility of the bed and banks (e.g., sand, clay, bedrock); erosion comes from the power and ...

  6. Landform - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landform

    Examples are mountains, hills, polar caps, and valleys, which are found on all of the terrestrial planets. The scientific study of landforms is known as geomorphology . In onomastic terminology, toponyms (geographical proper names) of individual landform objects (mountains, hills, valleys, etc.) are called oronyms .

  7. Fantasy cartography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fantasy_cartography

    Science fiction is a genre of speculative fiction that typically deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts such as advanced science and technology, space exploration, time travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life. It has been called the "literature of ideas", and it often explores the potential consequences of scientific ...

  8. Runoff (hydrology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runoff_(hydrology)

    The diagram also shows how human water use impacts where water is stored and how it moves. [ 1 ] The water cycle (or hydrologic cycle or hydrological cycle) is a biogeochemical cycle that involves the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth .

  9. Floating cities and islands in fiction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floating_cities_and...

    The flying island of Laputa from Gulliver's Travels. (Illustrated 1795.) In science fiction and fantasy, floating cities and islands are a common trope, ranging from cities and islands that float on water to ones that float in the atmosphere of a planet by purported scientific technologies or by magical means.