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The congenital heart block is a rare disease that affects around 1 child in every 15,000–20,000 births. [3] However, its high mortality (which can be as high as 85% in some severe cases) makes the early diagnosis and intervention very important. [ 1 ]
The cause of congenital third-degree heart block in many patients is unknown. Studies suggest that the prevalence of congenital third-degree heart block is between 1 in 15,000 and 1 in 22,000 live births. [citation needed] Hyperkalemia in those with previous cardiac disease [8] and Lyme disease can also result in third-degree heart block. [9]
Due to non-compaction cardiomyopathy being a relatively new disease, its impact on human life expectancy is not very well understood. In a 2005 study [ 3 ] that documented the long-term follow-up of 34 patients with NCC, 35% had died at the age of 42 +/- 40 months, with a further 12% having to undergo a heart transplant due to heart failure.
Ebstein's anomaly is a congenital heart defect in which the septal and posterior leaflets of the tricuspid valve are displaced downwards towards the apex of the right ventricle of the heart. [1] EA has great anatomical heterogeneity that generates a wide spectrum of clinical features at presentation and is complicated by the fact that the ...
[20]: 205 Post surgery, most patients enjoy an active life free of symptoms. [20]: 205 Currently, long-term survival is close to 90%. [20]: 167 Today the adult TOF population continues to grow and is one of the most common congenital heart defects seen in adult outpatient clinics. [5]: 100–101
Most congenital heart defects are not associated with other diseases. [3] A complication of CHD is heart failure. [2] Congenital heart defects are the most common birth defect. [3] [11] In 2015, they were present in 48.9 million people globally. [8] They affect between 4 and 75 per 1,000 live births, depending upon how they are diagnosed.
Shone's syndrome is a rare congenital heart defect described by Shone in 1963. In the complete form, four left-sided defects are present: [1] Supravalvular mitral membrane (SVMM) Parachute mitral valve; Subaortic stenosis (membranous or muscular) Coarctation of the aorta
The Trilogy of Fallot also called Fallot's trilogy is a rare congenital heart disease consisting of the following defects: pulmonary valve stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy and atrial septal defect. [1] It occurs in 1.2% of all congenital heart defects. [2]
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