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Apache IoTDB is a project initiated by Prof. Jianmin Wang's team in the School of Software at Tsinghua University. [1] In 2011, the team chose to use open source NoSQL technology instead of Oracle for a project with mass machine data management, and noticed the insufficiency of NoSQL in the industrial internet of things (IIoT) scenarios.
RRDtool (round-robin database tool) aims to handle time series data such as network bandwidth, temperatures or CPU load. The data is stored in a circular buffer based database, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time. It also includes tools to extract round-robin data in a graphical format, for which it was originally intended.
Time series datasets can also have fewer relationships between data entries in different tables and don't require indefinite storage of entries. [6] The unique properties of time series datasets mean that time series databases can provide significant improvements in storage space and performance over general purpose databases. [ 6 ]
In manufacturing, an operational historian is a time-series database application that is developed for operational process data. [1] Historian software is often embedded or used in conjunction with standard DCS and PLC control systems to provide enhanced data capture, validation, compression, and aggregation capabilities. [2]
Cointegration is a statistical property of a collection (X 1, X 2, ..., X k) of time series variables. First, all of the series must be integrated of order d.Next, if a linear combination of this collection is integrated of order less than d, then the collection is said to be co-integrated.
Ideally, unevenly spaced time series are analyzed in their unaltered form. However, most of the basic theory for time series analysis was developed at a time when limitations in computing resources favored an analysis of equally spaced data, since in this case efficient linear algebra routines can be used and many problems have an explicit ...
The time series included yearly, quarterly, monthly, daily, and other time series. In order to ensure that enough data was available to develop an accurate forecasting model, minimum thresholds were set for the number of observations: 14 for yearly series, 16 for quarterly series, 48 for monthly series, and 60 for other series.
In statistics, the order of integration, denoted I(d), of a time series is a summary statistic, which reports the minimum number of differences required to obtain a covariance-stationary series. Integration of order d