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Sodium hypochlorite is an alkaline inorganic chemical compound with the formula Na O Cl (also written as NaClO). It is commonly known in a dilute aqueous solution as bleach or chlorine bleach. [4] It is the sodium salt of hypochlorous acid, consisting of sodium cations (Na +) and hypochlorite anions (− OCl, also written as OCl − and ClO −
The active agent in liquid bleach is sodium hypochlorite, which gives the product a light greenish yellow tinge and its characteristic chlorine smell. [6]Formulations for household use usually contain 8% or less of sodium hypochlorite by weight, although more concentrated solutions of up to 50% are available for industrial use. [7]
It is no longer commonly used, having been superseded by the cheaper sodium analog. Chloramine, NH 2 Cl. This chemical is commonly handled as a dilute aqueous solution. It is used as an alternative to chlorine and sodium hypochlorite for disinfection of drinking water and swimming pools. Chloramine-T, or tosylchloramide sodium salt, [(H 3 C)(C ...
The Electro-Alkaline Company [16] was founded on May 3, 1913, as the first commercial-scale liquid bleach manufacturer in the United States. Archibald Taft, a banker; Edward Hughes, a purveyor of wood and coal; Charles Husband, a bookkeeper; Rufus Myers, a lawyer; and William Hussey, a miner, each invested $100 to set up a factory on the east side of San Francisco Bay. [16]
Dakin's original solution contained sodium hypochlorite (0.4% to 0.5%), prepared by treating calcium hypochlorite with sodium carbonate ("washing soda"). The solution left after removal of the insoluble calcium carbonate still contained some soda. [7] Boric acid (4%) was then added as a buffering agent to maintain a pH of between 9 and 10.
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Berthollet also discovered sodium hypochlorite, which became the first commercial bleach, named Eau de Javel ("Javel water") after the borough of Javel, near Paris, where it was produced. Scottish chemist and industrialist Charles Tennant proposed in 1798 a solution of calcium hypochlorite as an alternative for Javel water, and patented ...
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