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Alcoholic liver disease (ALD), also called alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD), is a term that encompasses the liver manifestations of alcohol overconsumption, including fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and chronic hepatitis with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. [1] It is the major cause of liver disease in Western countries, and is the leading ...
Cirrhosis has many possible causes, and more than one cause may be present. History taking is of importance in trying to determine the most likely cause. [2] Globally, 57% of cirrhosis is attributable to either hepatitis B (30%) or hepatitis C (27%). [47] [48] Alcohol use disorder is another major cause, accounting for about 20–40% of the cases.
Alcoholic hepatitis by itself does not lead to cirrhosis, but cirrhosis is more common in patients with long term alcohol consumption. [6] Some alcoholics develop acute hepatitis as an inflammatory reaction to the cells affected by fatty change. [6] This is not directly related to the dose of alcohol.
It’s caused by heavy alcohol consumption. It’s possible to have both types of fatty liver disease at the same time. About one in four people worldwide have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Cirrhosis is the formation of fibrous tissue in the place of liver cells that have died due to a variety of causes, including viral hepatitis, alcohol overconsumption, and other forms of liver toxicity. Cirrhosis causes chronic liver failure. [15]
The level of ethanol consumption that minimizes the risk of disease, injury, and death is subject to some controversy. [16] Several studies have found a J-shaped relationship between alcohol consumption and health, [17] [18] [2] [19] meaning that risk is minimized at a certain (non-zero) consumption level, and drinking below or above this level increases risk, with the risk level of drinking a ...
For example, while heavy alcohol consumption is estimated to cause 60–70% of cirrhosis, the vast majority of HCC occurs in cirrhosis attributed to viral hepatitis (although there may be overlap). [10] Recognized risk factors include: Chronic viral hepatitis (estimated cause of 80% cases globally) Chronic hepatitis B (about 50% cases)
The median lethal dose of alcohol in test animals is a blood alcohol content of 0.45%. This is about six times the level of ordinary intoxication (0.08%), but vomiting or unconsciousness may occur much sooner in people who have a low tolerance for alcohol. [34]
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