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The purpose of overclocking is to increase the operating speed of a given component. [3] Normally, on modern systems, the target of overclocking is increasing the performance of a major chip or subsystem, such as the main processor or graphics controller, but other components, such as system memory or system buses (generally on the motherboard), are commonly involved.
Insulator damage by weakening of the insulator structures. Junction damage by lowering minority carrier lifetimes, increasing forward-bias resistance and increasing reverse-bias leakage. Metallisation damage by conductor weakening. Catastrophic failures require the highest discharge voltages, are the easiest to test for and are rarest to occur.
Memory scrubbing consists of reading from each computer memory location, correcting bit errors (if any) with an error-correcting code , and writing the corrected data back to the same location. [ 1 ] Due to the high integration density of modern computer memory chips , the individual memory cell structures became small enough to be vulnerable ...
In computer science, a memory leak is a type of resource leak that occurs when a computer program incorrectly manages memory allocations [1] in a way that memory which is no longer needed is not released. A memory leak may also happen when an object is stored in memory but cannot be accessed by the running code (i.e. unreachable memory). [2]
A classic motherboard with on-board integrated graphics processors, a discrete graphics card can be installed at a PCI slot. GPU switching is a mechanism used on computers with multiple graphic controllers. This mechanism allows the user to either maximize the graphic performance or prolong battery life by switching between the graphic cards.
Many ECC memory systems use an "external" EDAC circuit between the CPU and the memory. A few systems with ECC memory use both internal and external EDAC systems; the external EDAC system should be designed to correct certain errors that the internal EDAC system is unable to correct. [14]
The first graphics cards to use GDDR6X are the Nvidia GeForce RTX 3080 and 3090 graphics cards. PAM4 signalling is not new but it costs more to implement, partly because it requires more space in chips and is more prone to signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) issues, [ 24 ] which mostly limited its use to high speed networking (like 200G Ethernet).
Components of a GPU. A graphics processing unit (GPU) is a specialized electronic circuit initially designed for digital image processing and to accelerate computer graphics, being present either as a discrete video card or embedded on motherboards, mobile phones, personal computers, workstations, and game consoles.