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Passive Underwater Fire Control Feasibility System (or Study) (PUFFS) is a passive sonar system for submarines. It was designated AN/BQG-4 and was primarily installed on United States Navy conventional submarines built in the 1950s beginning with the Tang class , and also those converted to GUPPY III or otherwise modernized in the 1960s.
The ship's sonar fit consisted of Type 174 search, Type 170 fire control sonar for Squid and a Type 162 sonar for classifying targets on the sea floor. [5] [8] Leopard was laid down at Portsmouth dockyard on 25 March 1953, was launched on 23 May 1955 and commissioned on 30 September 1958. [5] Cost was £3,545,000. [10]
All boats received the BQG-4 PUFFS passive ranging sonar, identifiable by the three shark fin-like sonar domes added to the topside superstructure. The conning tower in the sail gained an additional 5-foot (1.5 m) section to accommodate the Mk 101 fire control system and Mk 37 director. All GUPPY III boats received a plastic sail.
Chinese sonar systems were initially based on Soviet supplied system, and during the 1980s, some western sonars were also imported, including Italian DE-1160, French DUBV23/43, SS-12, HS-312 etc. Domestic Chinese sonars includes: SJD-1 H/SJD-1 sonar is an indigenously developed bow mounted sonar, first of its kind in China.
AN/SQQ-89 is integrated with the AEGIS combat system and provides a full range of undersea warfare (USW) functions including active and passive sensors, underwater fire control, onboard trainer and a highly evolved display subsystem. It provides detection, classification, and targeting capability to the following platforms:
Sonar 2076 is a submarine sonar detection system designed by Thales for the Royal Navy. The system comprises an integrated suite of active and passive sonar systems including bow, fin, flank and towed arrays. [1] Known components include: Type 2077 Parian obstacle avoidance sonar; Type 2081 environmental monitor; Type 2094 oceanographic sonar
Acoustic torpedoes can be compared to modern fire-and-forget guided missiles. What this means is the enemy (most likely a submarine) will be detected by sonar in any direction it goes. The torpedo will start with passive sonar, simply trying to detect the submarine.
They break down into two broad categories; acoustic and non-acoustic. Acoustic systems in turn break down into active sonar systems and passive sonar systems designed to detect the acoustic signature of submarines such as SOSUS.