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The difference between the two represents the GDP gap. [2] IMF estimates of the 2009 output gaps as % of GDP by country. The GDP gap or the output gap is the difference between actual GDP or actual output and potential GDP, in an attempt to identify the current economic position over the business cycle.
A current–voltage characteristic or I–V curve (current–voltage curve) is a relationship, typically represented as a chart or graph, between the electric current through a circuit, device, or material, and the corresponding voltage, or potential difference, across it.
In microeconomics, a production–possibility frontier (PPF), production possibility curve (PPC), or production possibility boundary (PPB) is a graphical representation showing all the possible options of output for two that can be produced using all factors of production, where the given resources are fully and efficiently utilized per unit time.
The IS curve moves to the right if spending plans at any potential interest rate go up, causing the new equilibrium to have higher interest rates (i) and expansion in the "real" economy (real GDP, or Y). In most mathematical contexts, the independent variable is placed on the horizontal axis and the dependent variable on the vertical axis.
The difference between potential output and actual output is referred to as output gap or GDP gap; it may closely track lags in industrial capacity utilization. [ 4 ] Potential output has also been studied in relation Okun's law as to percentage changes in output associated with changes in the output gap and over time [ 5 ] and in decomposition ...
The functioning of the productive capacity graph is the same as for the above-mentioned PPF graph. The only possible outputs are those that lie under and on the PPF line. If an economy suffers from an under-production, thus an output point can be located under the productive potential, the economy loses its maximum potential output and spare ...
Okun's law is an empirical relationship. In Okun's original statement of his law, a 2% increase in output corresponds to a 1% decline in the rate of cyclical unemployment; a 0.5% increase in labor force participation; a 0.5% increase in hours worked per employee; and a 1% increase in output per hours worked (labor productivity).
Also called resource cost advantage. The ability of a party (whether an individual, firm, or country) to produce a greater quantity of a good, product, or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. absorption The total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves ...