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In YIQ the Y component represents the luma information, and is the only component used by black-and-white television receivers. I and Q represent the chrominance information, with I indicating (roughly) orange-blue contrast, and Q indicating purple-green contrast. I and Q can be thought of as a second pair of axes on the same graph as the YUV ...
The two amplitude-modulated components are known as the in-phase component (I, thin blue, decreasing) and the quadrature component (Q, thin red, increasing). A sinusoid with modulation can be decomposed into, or synthesized from, two amplitude-modulated sinusoids that are in quadrature phase , i.e., with a phase offset of one-quarter cycle (90 ...
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YCbCr is sometimes abbreviated to YCC.Typically the terms Y′CbCr, YCbCr, YPbPr and YUV are used interchangeably, leading to some confusion. The main difference is that YPbPr is used with analog images and YCbCr with digital images, leading to different scaling values for U max and V max (in YCbCr both are ) when converting to/from YUV.
CIELAB produces a color space that is more perceptually linear than other color spaces. Perceptually linear means that a change of the same amount in a color value should produce a change of about the same visual importance.
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The scope of the terms Y′UV, YUV, YCbCr, YPbPr, etc., is sometimes ambiguous and overlapping. Y′UV is the separation used in PAL.; YDbDr is the format used in SECAM and PAL-N, unusually based on non-gamma-corrected (linear) RGB, making the Y component true luminance.
An example of the second case is the decidability of the first-order theory of the real numbers, a problem of pure mathematics that was proved true by Alfred Tarski, with an algorithm that is impossible to implement because of a computational complexity that is much too high. [122]