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Mi coche es más grande que el tuyo = "My car is bigger than yours" Tu casa tiene más cuartos que la suya = "Your house has more rooms than his/hers/yours/theirs" Estos libros son más interesantes que los vuestros = "These books are more interesting than yours [pl.]" Esas camisas son más pequeñas que las nuestras = "Those shirts are smaller ...
When que is used as the object of a preposition, the definite article is added to it, and the resulting form (el que) inflects for number and gender, resulting in the forms el que, la que, los que, las que and the neuter lo que. Unlike in English, the preposition must go right before the relative pronoun "which" or "whom":
It's also combined with the relative pronouns que and cual to form relative clauses, such as lo que dices, lo cual es cierto, and can also be followed by de, e.g. lo de Juan está aquí, lo de que estoy enfermo no es cierto. Bello also notes that words such as nada, poco, algo, and mucho can be used as neuters in some contexts.
By convention, the masculine form is treated as the lemma (that is, the form listed in dictionaries) and the feminine form as the marked form. [7] For nouns of this class with the masculine form ending in -o, the feminine form typically replaces the -o with -a. For example, el abuelo 'grandfather' becomes la abuela 'grandmother'.
Yo fui el que me lo bebí = "I was the one who drank it" (agreement with subject of main sentence) Yo fui el que se lo bebió (preferred form with same meaning, agreement with el que) La que lo sé soy yo = "I am the one who knows" (agreement with subject of main sentence) La que lo sabe soy yo = (preferred form with same meaning, agreement ...
Activists against sexism in language are also concerned about words whose feminine form has a different (usually less prestigious) meaning: An ambiguous case is "secretary": a secretaria is an attendant for her boss or a typist, usually female, while a secretario is a high-rank position—as in secretario general del partido comunista, "secretary general of the communist party"—usually held ...
Lo vi y te vi but never *Lo y te vi = "I saw him and you" Occasionally, however, with verbs such as dejar ("to let"), which generally takes a direct object as well as a subsequent verb as a further grammatical argument, objects of two different verbs will appear together and thus may appear to be objects of the same verb:
The feminine is often marked with the suffix -a, while masculine is often marked with -o (e.g., cirujano 'male surgeon' and cirujana 'female surgeon'); however, there are many exceptions often caused by the etymology of the word (la mano 'the hand' is feminine and el día 'the day' is masculine).