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Located roughly 76.0 miles (122.3 km; 66.0 nmi) north of the coast of the main island of Puerto Rico at Punto Palmas Altas in Manatí, [9] [10] the maximum depth of the Milwaukee Deep is 8,376 metres (27,480 ft; 4,580 fathoms), as directly measured by Vescovo during his 2018 descent to the deepest point of the Atlantic Ocean. [3]
The deepest point of the trench is more than 2 km (1.2 mi) farther from sea level than the peak of Mount Everest. [a] At the bottom of the trench, the water column above exerts a pressure of 1,086 bar (15,750 psi), more than 1,071 times the standard atmospheric pressure at sea level. At this pressure, the density of water is increased by 4.96%.
Constituting the deepest points in the Atlantic Ocean, the trench is 810 kilometres (503 mi) long [7] and has a maximum documented depth between 8,376 metres (27,480 ft) [8] and 8,740 metres (28,675 ft). [7] [9] The deepest point is commonly referred to as the Milwaukee Deep, with the Brownson Deep naming the seabed surrounding it. [10]
In marked contrast to the Kairei surveys of 1998 and 1999, the detailed survey in 2002 determined that the deepest point in the Challenger Deep is located in the eastern basin around , with a depth of 10,920 ± 5 m (35,827 ± 16 ft), located about 290 m (950 ft) southeast of the deepest site determined by the survey vessel Takuyo in 1984. The ...
Sonar mapping of the Challenger Deep by the DSSV Pressure Drop employing a Kongsberg SIMRAD EM124 multibeam echosounder system (26 April–4 May 2019). Challenger Deep (CD) is the deepest known point in the Earth's seabed hydrosphere, a slot-shaped valley in the floor of Mariana Trench, with depths exceeding 10,900 meters. [1]
In 1960, Jacques Piccard and United States Navy Lieutenant Donald Walsh descended in Trieste to the deepest known point on Earth - the Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench, successfully making the deepest dive in history: 10,915 m (35,810 ft). [6] An increasing number of crewed submersibles are now employed around the world.
The hadal zone, also known as the hadopelagic zone, is the deepest region of the ocean, lying within oceanic trenches.The hadal zone ranges from around 6 to 11 km (3.7 to 6.8 mi; 20,000 to 36,000 ft) below sea level, and exists in long, narrow, topographic V-shaped depressions.
There are about 50,000 km (31,000 mi) of oceanic trenches worldwide, mostly around the Pacific Ocean, but also in the eastern Indian Ocean and a few other locations. The greatest ocean depth measured is in the Challenger Deep of the Mariana Trench , at a depth of 10,994 m (36,070 ft) below sea level .