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  2. Microthermoforming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microthermoforming

    While the other polymer microreplication processes such as micro injection moulding or (vacuum) hot embossing are primary forming processes where forming occurs already in a molten, liquid phase of the heated polymer material, microthermoforming is a secondary forming process where forming occurs in a strongly softened, but still solid phase of ...

  3. Stamping (metalworking) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stamping_(metalworking)

    Stamping includes a variety of sheet-metal forming manufacturing processes, such as punching using a machine press or stamping press, blanking, embossing, bending, flanging, and coining. [1] This could be a single stage operation where every stroke of the press produces the desired form on the sheet metal part, or could occur through a series ...

  4. Embossing (manufacturing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embossing_(manufacturing)

    Sheet metal embossing is a metalworking process for producing raised or sunken designs or relief in sheet metal. In contrast to coining (which uses unmatched dies), embossing uses matched male and female dies [ 1 ] to achieve the pattern, either by stamping , or by passing a sheet or strip of metal between patterned rollers . [ 2 ]

  5. Hot stamping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_stamping

    In the 19th century, hot stamping became a popular method of applying gold tooling or embossing in book printing on leather and paper. [5] The first patent for hot stamping was recorded in Germany by Ernst Oeser in 1892. [2] From the 1950s onward, the method became a popular means of marking plastic . [4]

  6. Nanoimprint lithography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoimprint_lithography

    Nanoimprint can be performed in a way similar to the step-and-repeat optical lithography. The imprint field (die) is typically much smaller than the full-wafer nanoimprint field. The die is repeatedly imprinted to the substrate with certain step size. This scheme is good for nanoimprint mold creation.

  7. Embossing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embossing

    Embossing (manufacturing), commercial scale embossing of sheet metal; Image embossing, the process to create highlights or shadows that will replace light/dark boundaries of an image; Leather embossing; Paper embossing, the raising of paper and other non-metal products using specific tools to accomplish the task

  8. Autofrettage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autofrettage

    The problem of strengthening steel gun barrels using the same principle was tackled by French colonial artillery colonel Louis Frédéric Gustave Jacob, who suggested in 1907 to pressurize them hydraulically and coined the term "autofrettage". In 1913, Schneider-Creusot made a 14 cm L/50 naval gun by such a method [8] and applied for a patent. [9]

  9. Heat sealer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_sealer

    Heat seal connectors are used to join LCDs to PCBs in many consumer electronics, as well as in medical and telecommunication devices.. Heat sealing of products with thermal adhesives is used to hold clear display screens onto consumer electronic products and for other sealed thermo-plastic assemblies or devices where heat staking or ultrasonic welding are not an option due to part design ...