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In biochemistry and nutrition, a polyunsaturated fat is a fat that contains a polyunsaturated fatty acid (abbreviated PUFA), which is a subclass of fatty acid characterized by a backbone with two or more carbon–carbon double bonds. [1] [2] Some polyunsaturated fatty acids are essentials.
Omega-3 fatty acids, also called ω−3 fatty acids or n−3 fatty acids, [1] are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Omega−3 fatty acids are important for normal metabolism.
This analysis is used to determine the free fatty acid content of fats; i.e., the proportion of the triglycerides that have been hydrolyzed. Neutralization of fatty acids, like saponification , is a widely practiced route to metallic soaps .
The evening primrose flower (O. biennis) produces an oil containing a high content of γ-linolenic acid, a type of omega−6 fatty acid.Omega−6 fatty acids (also referred to as ω−6 fatty acids or n−6 fatty acids) are a family of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) that share a final carbon-carbon double bond in the n−6 position, that is, the sixth bond, counting from the methyl end.
Oils from these fishes have around seven times as much omega−3 as omega−6. Other oily fish, such as tuna, also contain n−3 in somewhat lesser amounts. [1] [65] Although fish are a dietary source of omega−3 fatty acids, fish do not synthesize omega−3 fatty acids, but rather obtain them via their food supply, including algae or plankton ...
Although unsaturated fats are conventionally regarded as 'healthier' than saturated fats, [6] the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommendation stated that the amount of unsaturated fat consumed should not exceed 30% of one's daily caloric intake. [7] Most foods contain both unsaturated and saturated fats.
However, since the fats and oils in most natural and traditionally processed foods contain both unsaturated and saturated fatty acids, [73] the complete exclusion of saturated fat is unrealistic and possibly unwise. For instance, some foods rich in saturated fat, such as coconut and palm oil, are an important source of cheap dietary calories ...
The IUPAC Lipid Handbook provides a very large and detailed listing of fat contents of animal and vegetable fats, including ω−3 and −6 oils. [25] The National Institutes of Health's EFA Education group publishes Essential Fats in Food Oils. [26] This lists 40 common oils, more tightly focused on EFAs and sorted by n−6:3 ratio.