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An alcohol burner or spirit lamp is a piece of laboratory equipment used to produce an open flame. It can be made from brass , glass , stainless steel or aluminium . [ 1 ]
Teclu was also constantly occupied with creating and investigating new and more advanced laboratory equipment. [7] The Teclu Burner was created on the basis Teclu's studies and tests investigating the combustion rate of a gaseous mixture in regards to its oxygen content.
Kipp's apparatus, also called a Kipp generator, is an apparatus designed for preparation of small volumes of gases. It was invented around 1844 by the Dutch pharmacist Petrus Jacobus Kipp and widely used in chemical laboratories and for demonstrations in schools into the second half of the 20th century.
Bunsen burner or spirit lamps or candles: source of fire / heat Ultracentrifuge: used to separate particles dispersed in a liquid according to their molecular mass: Electrophoresis apparatus: used to detect and classify serum proteins or proteins from any other source; also used for DNA separation Chromatography:
Bunsen sought to improve existing laboratory burner lamps as regards economy, simplicity, and flame temperature, and adapt them to coal-gas fuel. While the building was under construction in late 1854, Bunsen suggested certain design principles to the university's mechanic, Peter Desaga , and asked him to construct a prototype.
To do this, a "pig" adapter can be added to the end of the condenser, or for better results or for very air-sensitive compounds, a Perkin triangle apparatus can be used. The Perkin triangle uses a series of glass or Teflon taps to allow fractions to be isolated from the rest of the still, without the main body of the distillation being removed ...
In chemistry, an alcohol (from Arabic al-kuḥl 'the kohl'), [2] is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl (−OH) functional group bound to a saturated carbon atom. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Alcohols range from the simple, like methanol and ethanol , to complex, like sugars and cholesterol .
This equipment can be used in cases other than simple removal of water. One example is the esterification of butanol with acetic acid catalyzed by sulfuric acid. The vapor contains 63% ester, 29% water and 8% alcohol at reflux temperature and the organic layer in the trap contains 86% ester, 11% alcohol and 3% water which is reintroduced.