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  2. Immunoglobulin M - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_M

    IgM is the first immunoglobulin expressed in the human fetus (around 20 weeks) [46] and phylogenetically the earliest antibody to develop. [47] IgM antibodies appear early in the course of an infection and usually reappear, to a lesser extent, after further exposure. IgM antibodies do not pass across the human placenta (only isotype IgG). [48]

  3. Isotype (immunology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotype_(immunology)

    The IgG, IgE and IgA antibody isotypes are generated following class-switching during germinal centre reaction and provide different effector functions in response to specific antigens. IgG is the most abundant antibody class in the serum and it is divided into 4 subclasses based on differences in the structure of the constant region genes and ...

  4. Coombs test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coombs_test

    IgM antibodies are easily detected in saline at room temperature as IgM antibodies are able to bridge between RBC's owing to their large size, efficiently creating what is seen as agglutination. IgG antibodies are smaller and require assistance to bridge well enough to form a visual agglutination reaction. Reagents used to enhance IgG detection ...

  5. Regular and irregular antibodies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_and_irregular...

    Regular and irregular antibodies are two main groups of antibodies when classified roughly on the timing and triggering event of antibody production. Regular antibodies usually refer to the isohemagglutinins, directed against antigens of the ABO system. They appear in the first years of life. They are of the IgM type. [1]

  6. Isoantibodies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isoantibodies

    The antibodies created against these environmental antigens in the first years of life can cross react with ABO-incompatible red blood cells when it comes in contact with during blood transfusion later in life. Anti-A and anti-B antibodies are usually IgM type. O-type individuals can produce IgG-type ABO antibodies.

  7. Immunoglobulin superfamily - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_superfamily

    Antibodies or immunoglobulins: IgA IgD IgE IgG IgM; T-cell receptor chains; Antigen receptors found on the surface of T and B lymphocytes in all jawed vertebrates belong to the IgSF. Immunoglobulin molecules (the antigen receptors of B cells) are the founding members of the IgSF.

  8. Nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomenclature_of_monoclonal...

    The nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies is a naming scheme for assigning generic, or nonproprietary, names to monoclonal antibodies. An antibody is a protein that is produced in B cells and used by the immune system of humans and other vertebrate animals to identify a specific foreign object like a bacterium or a virus .

  9. Immunoglobulin G - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immunoglobulin_G

    The water-accessible surface area of an IgG antibody. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody. Representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in blood circulation. [1] IgG molecules are created and released by plasma B cells. Each IgG antibody has two paratopes.

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