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Castor oil is a vegetable oil pressed from castor beans, the seeds of the plant Ricinus communis. [1] The seeds are 40 to 60 percent oil. [ 2 ] It is a colourless or pale yellow liquid with a distinct taste and odor.
Ricinus communis, the castor bean [1] or castor oil plant, [2] is a species of perennial flowering plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. It is the sole species in the monotypic genus , Ricinus , and subtribe , Ricininae .
Castor oil has numerous industrial uses, owing to the presence of a hydroxyl group on the fatty acid. Castor oil is a precursor to Nylon 11. Castor oil may also be reacted with epichlorohydrin to make a glycidyl ether which is used as a diluent and flexibilizer with epoxy resins. [citation needed]
Castor wax – catalytically hydrogenated castor oil; Esparto wax – a byproduct of making paper from esparto grass (Macrochloa tenacissima) Japan wax – a vegetable triglyceride (not a true wax), from the berries of Rhus and Toxicodendron species; Jojoba oil – a liquid wax ester, from the seed of Simmondsia chinensis.
Crude castor oil consists of about 80% triglycerides, from the ricinoleic acid, itself representing about 90% of the oil. [3] It is quantitatively transesterified with methanol to methyl ricinoleate (the methyl ester of ricinoleic acid) in the presence of the basic sodium methoxide at 80 °C within 1 h reaction time in a stirred reactor.
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Castor oil derivatized with propylene oxide [9] makes polyurethane foam for mattresses and yet another new derivative is used in coatings [10] Apart from castor oil, which is a relatively expensive vegetable oil and is not produced domestically in many industrialized countries, the use of polyols derived from vegetable oils to make polyurethane ...
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