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For nearly 200 years, Radula remained the only genus in the family, making Radulaceae a monogeneric family within the order Porellales. [7] Herbert Castle's 1936 worldwide monograph of Radula took a broader view of Cladoradula, expanding it to include all species with reproductive structures on short branches, regardless of other features. This ...
Radula amentulosa Mitt. Radula amoena Herzog Radula anceps Sande Lac. Radula aneurysmalis (Hook.f. & Taylor) Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees Radula angulata Steph. Radula anisotoma M.A.M.Renner Radula appressa Mitt. Radula aquilegia (Hook.f. & Taylor) Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees Radula assamica Steph. Radula australiana K.Yamada Radula australis Austin
Cladoradula was originally established as a subgenus of Radula by the English bryologist Richard Spruce in 1885, [3] with Radula gottscheana assigned as the type species. Originally Hepstead Castle (1936) expanded the subgenus to include all species with perianths on short branches, [4] making it nearly worldwide in distribution.
Molecular clock analyses indicated that Dactyloradula diverged from other Radula species during the Mesozoic era, positioning it as an ancient genus-level lineage. The estimated age of divergence placed it as old as many flowering plant families, unusual for what was previously considered just one species within a larger genus.
The most common compounds found in Radula species are 3,5-dihydroxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)bibenzyl and 2-geranyl-3,5-dihydroxybibenzyl, which often form the basic structure for more complex molecules in these plants. [17] Of particular interest is the presence of compounds similar to those found in cannabis (cannabinoids) in some Radula species
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The radula (US: / ˈ r æ dʒ ʊ l ə /; pl.: radulae or radulas) [1] is an anatomical structure used by mollusks for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue. [2] It is a minutely toothed, chitinous ribbon, which is typically used for scraping or cutting food before the food enters the esophagus .
Radula demissa forms interwoven mats of shoots that are 1.0–2.0 mm wide and up to 40 mm long. The shoots are regularly pinnately branched in male plants and sterile female plants, but become pseudodichotomous in fertile female plants due to the production of paired innovations below the female reproductive structures.