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Following the UPIAS "social definition of disability", in 1983 the disabled academic Mike Oliver coined the phrase social model of disability in reference to these ideological developments. [14] Oliver focused on the idea of an individual model (of which the medical was a part) versus a social model, derived from the distinction originally made ...
The social model is usually contrasted directly with the medical model of disability. [5] Whereas the medical model views disability as a problem caused within the individual, the social model views disability as a problem with the society in which the individual lives. The social model, like the affirmation model, was created by disabled ...
The social model centers disability as a societally-created limitation on individuals who do not have the same ability as the majority of the population. Although the medical model and social model are the most common frames for disability, there are a multitude of other models that theorize disability [citation needed].
The Union of the Physically Impaired Against Segregation (UPIAS) was an early disability rights organisation in the United Kingdom. It established the principles that led to the development of the social model of disability, wherein a sharp distinction is made between impairment and disability. From the organisation's policy statement: "What we ...
Universal design is one of the key concepts in and approaches to disability inclusion. It involves designing buildings, products, or environments in a way that secures accessibility and usability to the greatest extent possible. [6] [7] [8] Disability mainstreaming is simultaneously a method, a policy, and a tool for achieving social inclusion ...
John O'Brien is a leading thinker who has written widely in the field of disability. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] He is a pioneer and lifelong advocate of Person Centred Planning . [ 4 ] To this end, he was co-developer of two models for person centred planning, namely the McGill Action Planning System (MAPS) [ 5 ] and Planning Alternative Tomorrows with Hope ...
Finkelstein was a tutor in disability studies at the Open University and later visiting senior research fellow in the Centre for Disability Studies Leeds University.Vic’s ideas influenced and inspired a generation of disabled activists and gave rise to the development of the Disabled People’s Movement through the formation of Centres for Independent Living, [5] Coalitions of Disabled ...
Oliver became a key advocate of the social model of disability. This is the idea that much of the inconvenience and difficulty of living with a disability is not an inherent feature of the disability itself, but a failure of society to adapt to the needs of disabled people. [ 1 ]