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A method to produce 3,3-dimethylpentane is to react tert-amyl chloride (CH 3 CH 2 (CH 3)C 2 Cl) with propionaldehyde producing 3,3-dimethylpentan-2-ol. This is then dehydrated to produce 3,3-dimethylpent-2-ene, which when hydrogenated produces some 3,3-dimethylpentane, but also 2,3-dimethylpentane. [2]
The optical center is the middle carbon of the pentane backbone, which is connected to one hydrogen atom, one methyl group, one ethyl group – C 2 H 5, and one isopropyl group – CH(CH 3) 2. The two enantiomers are denoted (3R)-2,3-dimethylpentane and (3S)-2,3-dimethylpentane (the other simplest chiral alkane is its structural isomer 3 ...
For 2,2-dimethylpentane they measured a density of 0.6737 at 20 °C with a rate of change Δd/ΔT of 0.000855. The density and boiling are the lowest of the isomers of heptane. The dielectric constant is 1.915, the lowest of the heptane isomers. The critical temperature is 247.7 °C and critical pressure 28.4 atmospheres.
The branched isomers are 2-methylbut-1-ene, 3-methylbut-1-ene (isopentene), and 2-methylbut-2-ene (isoamylene). Isoamylene is one of the three main byproducts of deep catalytic cracking (DCC), which is very similar to the operation of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC).
For example, C(CH 3) 4 (neopentane) is named 2,2-dimethylpropane. If there are different groups, they are added in alphabetical order, separated by commas or hyphens. The longest possible main alkane chain is used; therefore 3-ethyl-4-methylhexane instead of 2,3-diethylpentane, even though these describe equivalent structures.
2,4-Dimethylpentane is an alkane with the chemical formula [(H 3 C) 2 CH] 2 CH 2. This colorless hydrocarbon is produced in large quantities in oil refineries. It results from the alkylation of isobutane by propylene. [1] Often referred to as "alkylate", it is blended with other gasoline components to give a high octane fuel.
It can be prepared by base-catalyzed isomerization of 2,3-dimethyl-1-butene. [2] Another route involves direct dimerization of propylene. [3] It can also be produced by photolysis of tetramethylcyclobutane-1,3-dione. [4]
The reaction forms (respectively) an ene- or aryl-substituted cyclopropane. Formally, it amounts to a 1,2 shift of one ene group (in the diene) or the aryl group (in the allyl-aromatic analog), followed by bond formation between the lateral carbons of the non-migrating moiety: [1] [2] Di-π-methane rearrangement