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The Bhakti movement of Hinduism saw two ways of imaging the nature of the divine : Nirguna and Saguna. [98] Nirguna Brahman was the concept of the ultimate reality as formless and without attributes or quality. [99] Saguna Brahman, in contrast, was envisioned and developed as with form, attributes and quality. [99]
The Smarta Tradition accepts two concepts of Brahman, which are the saguna Brahman – the Brahman with attributes, and nirguna Brahman – the Brahman without attributes. [74] The nirguna Brahman is the unchanging Reality, however, the saguna Brahman is posited as a means to realizing this nirguna Brahman. [75]
Saguna brahman (lit. 'The Absolute with qualities'; [ 1 ] from Sanskrit saguṇa 'with qualities', guṇa 'quality', and Brahman 'the Absolute ') is a concept of ultimate reality in Hinduism , close to the concept of immanence , the manifested divine presence .
The Bhakti movement of Hinduism built its theosophy around two concepts of Brahman—Nirguna and Saguna. [112] Nirguna Brahman was the concept of the Ultimate Reality as formless, without attributes or quality. [113] Saguna Brahman, in contrast, was envisioned and developed as with form, attributes and quality. [113]
The Bhakti movement of Hinduism built its theosophy around two concepts of Brahman—Nirguna and Saguna. [118] Nirguna Brahman was the concept of the Ultimate Reality as formless, without attributes or quality. [119] Saguna Brahman, in contrast, was envisioned and developed as with form, attributes and quality. [119]
Ramananda is credited as the author of many devotional poems, but like most Bhakti movement poets, whether he actually was the author of these poems is unclear. Two treatises in Hindi, Gyan-lila and Yog-cintamani are also attributed to Ramananda, as are the Sanskrit works Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara and the Ramarchana Paddhati . [ 10 ]
It contrasts with Saguna Brahman which is a state of loving awareness (Bhakti yoga). [12] Advaita Vedanta non-dualistically holds that Brahman is divine, the Divine is Brahman, and this is identical to that which is Atman (one's soul, innermost self) and nirguna (attribute-less), infinite, love, truth, knowledge, "being-consciousness-bliss". [13]
The Bhakti movement was a theistic devotional trend that originated in the seventh-century Tamil south India (now parts of Tamil Nadu and Kerala), and spread northwards. [131] It swept over east and north India from the fifteenth-century onwards, reaching its zenith between the 15th and 17th century CE.