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The ostium secundum atrial septal defect is the most common type of atrial septal defect and comprises 6–10% of all congenital heart diseases. It involves a patent ostium secundum (that is, a patent foramen secundum).
An ostium secundum that persists at large size can be a source of atrial septal defects. [3] Foramen secundum atrial septal defects are the most common atrial septal defects. This defect can arise as a result of defects of the septum primum and the septum secundum.
Most ASD cases are due to the ostium secundum which can happen when the secundum septum doesn’t grow enough during development This actually accounts for about 10-15% of all congenital heart defects and is the most common congenital heart defect in adults. Fewer ASD cases are due to the ostium primum, where the “first opening” or ostium ...
The ostium primum atrial septal defect is a defect in the atrial septum at the level of the tricuspid and mitral valves. This is sometimes known as an endocardial cushion defect because it often involves the endocardial cushion, which is the portion of the heart where the atrial septum meets the ventricular septum and the mitral valve meets the tricuspid valve.
Septal defects that may occur with Lutembacher's syndrome include: Ostium primum atrial septal defect or ostium secundum which is more prevalent. [1] Lutembacher's syndrome affects females more often than males. [1] It can affect children or adults; the person can either be born with the disorder or develop it later in life.
An Atrial septal defect is a relatively common heart malformation that occurs when the interatrial septum fails to develop properly. Persistence of the ostium secundum is the most common atrial septal defect. [3] Additionally, in a subset of the population, the foramen ovale is not overtly patent but the two septa have not fused.
The gap below it is known as the ostium primum (from Latin 'first opening'), and becomes increasingly small. The septum primum eventually fuses with the endocardial cushion, closing the ostium primum off completely. Meanwhile, perforations appear in the superior part of the septum primum, forming the ostium secundum (from Latin 'second opening').
Failure of the septum primum to fuse with the endocardial cushion can lead to an ostium primum atrial septal defect. [1] This is the second most common type of atrial septal defect [2] and is commonly seen in Down syndrome. Typically, this defect will cause a shunt to occur from the left atrium to the right atrium.
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