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  2. Nitroethane - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitroethane

    Nitroethane is produced industrially by treating propane with nitric acid at 350–450 °C. This exothermic reaction produces four industrially significant nitroalkanes: nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, and 2-nitropropane. The reaction involves free radicals, such as CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 O., which arise via homolysis of the corresponding ...

  3. Knoevenagel condensation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knoevenagel_condensation

    In this reaction the carbonyl group is an aldehyde or a ketone. The catalyst is usually a weakly basic amine. The active hydrogen component has the forms: [3] Z−CH 2 −Z or Z−CHR−Z for instance diethyl malonate, Meldrum's acid, ethyl acetoacetate or malonic acid, or cyanoacetic acid. [1] Z−CHRR', for instance nitromethane.

  4. Water-reactive substances - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water-reactive_substances

    Water-reactive substances [1] are those that spontaneously undergo a chemical reaction with water, often noted as generating flammable gas. [2] Some are highly reducing in nature. [ 3 ] Notable examples include alkali metals , lithium through caesium , and alkaline earth metals , magnesium through barium .

  5. Chemical cycling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_cycling

    An example chemical cycle, a schematic representation of a Nitrogen cycle on Earth. This process results in the continual recycling of nitrogen gas involving the ocean. Chemical cycling describes systems of repeated circulation of chemicals between other compounds, states and materials, and back to their original state, that occurs in space ...

  6. Thermochemical cycle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermochemical_cycle

    During the reduction half-cycle of the stochiometric cycle, the metal oxide is reduced and forms a new metal oxide with different oxidation states (Fe 3 O 4 → 3FeO + 1/2 O 2); a non-stochiometric cycle's reduction of the metal oxide will produce vacancies, often oxygen vacancies, but the crystal structure remains stable and only a portion of ...

  7. Candy Canes Are Everywhere on Christmas—But Why Is That? - AOL

    www.aol.com/candy-canes-everywhere-christmas-why...

    Candy canes are a peppermint treat long associated with Christmas. Learn their history, including why they were first made with red and white stripes.

  8. College Football Playoff: Making the national championship ...

    www.aol.com/sports/college-football-playoff...

    A day later, the three other first-round games will take place ahead of the quarterfinals on Dec. 31 and Jan. 1. At the moment, there are six teams that can legitimately call themselves contenders ...

  9. Nef reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nef_reaction

    The reaction has been the subject of several literature reviews. [1] [2] [3] The Nef reaction: 1. Salt of a nitroalkane 3. Ketone 4. Nitrous oxide. The reaction was reported in 1894 by the chemist John Ulric Nef, [4] who treated the sodium salt of nitroethane with sulfuric acid resulting in an 85–89% yield of nitrous oxide and at least 70% ...