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  2. Vitamin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin

    [12] [20] For vitamin C, the first symptoms of scurvy in experimental studies of complete vitamin C deprivation in humans have varied widely, from a month to more than six months, depending on previous dietary history that determined body stores. [55] Deficiencies of vitamins are classified as either primary or secondary.

  3. Vitamin D - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_D

    Vitamin D 3 (cholecalciferol) is produced industrially by exposing 7-dehydrocholesterol to UVB and UVC light, followed by purification. The 7-dehydrocholesterol is sourced as an extraction from lanolin, a waxy skin secretion in sheep's wool. [186] Vitamin D 2 (ergocalciferol) is produced in a similar way using ergosterol from yeast as a ...

  4. Vitamin B12 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_B12

    Vitamin B 12 is the most chemically complex of all vitamins, [6] and for humans the only vitamin that must be sourced from animal-derived foods or supplements. [ 2 ] [ 7 ] Only some archaea and bacteria can synthesize vitamin B 12 . [ 8 ]

  5. B vitamins - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B_vitamins

    Vitamin B 10: para-aminobenzoic acid (pABA or PABA), a chemical component of the folate molecule produced by plants and bacteria, and found in many foods. [ 40 ] [ 41 ] It is best known as a UV -blocking sunscreen applied to the skin, and is sometimes taken orally for certain medical conditions.

  6. Human nutrition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_nutrition

    Vitamin A plays an essential role in developing the immune system in children, therefore, it is considered an essential micronutrient that can greatly affect health. [2] However, because of the expense of testing for deficiencies, many developing nations have not been able to fully detect and address vitamin A deficiency, leaving vitamin A ...

  7. Biotin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotin

    Biotin (also known as vitamin B 7 or vitamin H) is one of the B vitamins. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is involved in a wide range of metabolic processes, both in humans and in other organisms, primarily related to the utilization of fats, carbohydrates, and amino acids. [ 4 ]

  8. Biomolecule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolecule

    A biomolecule or biological molecule is loosely defined as a molecule produced by a living organism and essential to one or more typically biological processes. [1] Biomolecules include large macromolecules such as proteins , carbohydrates , lipids , and nucleic acids , as well as small molecules (Micromolecules) such as vitamins and hormones.

  9. Vitamin A - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitamin_A

    Vitamin A toxicity also referred to as hypervitaminosis A, occurs when there is too much vitamin A accumulating in the body. Symptoms may include nervous system effects, liver abnormalities, fatigue, muscle weakness, bone and skin changes, and others. The adverse effects of both acute and chronic toxicity are reversed after consumption of high ...