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The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is the central bank and apex monetary authority of Nigeria established by the CBN Act of 1958 and commenced operations on 1 July 1959. [3] The major regulatory objectives of the bank as stated in the CBN Act are to: maintain the external reserves of the country; promote monetary stability and a sound financial environment, and act as a banker of last resort ...
On 1 January 1973, the Central Bank of Nigeria introduced notes for 50 kobo, ₦1, ₦5, ₦10 and ₦20: in April 1984, the colors of all naira banknotes were changed in an attempt to control money laundering. [12] In 1991, ₦50 notes were issued, while the 50 kobo and ₦1 notes were replaced by coins in 1991.
Nigeria joined the IMF on March 30, 1961. [1] Nigeria is Africa's most populous country, with 222.182 million citizens. [1] The nation's IMF quota stands at 2454.5 million (SDR) along with its special drawing rights amounting to 3702.34 million (SDR). [1] As of July 2023, Nigeria experienced a 3.2 GDP change. [2]
Monetary policy is the outcome of a complex interaction between monetary institutions, central banker preferences and policy rules, and hence human decision-making plays an important role. [88] It is more and more recognized that the standard rational approach does not provide an optimal foundation for monetary policy actions.
Expansionary monetary policy lowers interest rates, increasing economic activity, whereas contractionary monetary policy raises interest rates. In the case of a fixed exchange rate system, interest rate decisions together with direct intervention by central banks on exchange rate dynamics are major tools to control the exchange rate.
The ten Naira note, distinguished by its orange tint, bears the likeness of Alvan Ikoku, a figure notable for his contributions to education in Nigeria.His representation on the note commemorates his pioneering efforts in establishing one of the earliest African-owned secondary schools, thus exemplifying the nation's commitment to educational development.
Monetary economics is the branch of economics that studies the different theories of money: it provides a framework for analyzing money and considers its functions ( as medium of exchange, store of value, and unit of account), and it considers how money can gain acceptance purely because of its convenience as a public good. [1]
The banking industry in Nigeria started during the colonial era with the establishment of Colonial Banks, with the primary aim of meeting the commercial needs of the Colonial Government. [1] The banking system in Nigeria is regulated through the Central Bank of Nigeria. This apex bank started operation on July 1, 1959. [2]