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A localized disease is an infectious or neoplastic process that originates in and is confined to one organ system or general area in the body, [1] such as a sprained ankle, a boil on the hand, an abscess of finger.
A systemic disease is one that affects a number of organs and tissues, or affects the body as a whole. [1] It differs from a localized disease , which is a disease affecting only part of the body (e.g., a mouth ulcer ).
Focal infection theory is the historical concept that many chronic diseases, including systemic and common ones, are caused by focal infections. In present medical consensus, a focal infection is a localized infection, often asymptomatic, that causes disease elsewhere in the host, but focal infections are fairly infrequent and limited to fairly uncommon diseases. [1]
In general, viral infections are systemic. This means they involve many different parts of the body or more than one body system at the same time; i.e. a runny nose, sinus congestion, cough, body aches etc. They can be local at times as in viral conjunctivitis or "pink eye" and herpes. Only a few viral infections are painful, like herpes. The ...
Septic shock is a result of a systemic response to infection or multiple infectious causes. The precipitating infections that may lead to septic shock if severe enough include but are not limited to appendicitis, pneumonia, bacteremia, diverticulitis, pyelonephritis, meningitis, pancreatitis, necrotizing fasciitis, MRSA and mesenteric ischemia.
In several systemic disorders, [clarification needed] serological assays which can detect specific autoantibodies can be employed. [citation needed] Localised disorders are best diagnosed by immunofluorescence of biopsy specimens. [citation needed] Autoantibodies are used to diagnose many autoimmune diseases.
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This results in a localised infection, in which the virus mainly spreads and infects adjacent cells to the site of entry. [ 5 ] [ 7 ] Otherwise, the virus can be released into extracellular fluids. Examples of localised infections include: common cold ( rhinovirus ), flu ( parainfluenza ), gastrointestinal infections ( rotavirus ) or skin ...