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  2. Civilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilization

    The ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia were the oldest civilization in the world, beginning about 4000 BCE. Ancient Egypt is an example of an early culture civilization. [1]A civilization (also spelled civilisation in British English) is any complex society characterized by the development of the state, social stratification, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyond signed or ...

  3. Portal:Civilizations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Civilizations

    The ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia were the oldest civilization in the world, beginning about 4000 BCE.. A civilization (also spelled civilisation in British English) is any complex society characterized by the development of the state, social stratification, urbanization, and symbolic systems of communication beyond signed or spoken languages (namely, writing systems and graphic arts).

  4. Kardashev scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kardashev_scale

    It is thus possible to define civilization on the basis of this universal characteristic, which allowed Aleksandr Lyapunov to define life as "a highly stable state of matter, which uses information encoded by the states of individual molecules to produce maintaining reactions", which Kardashev calls the "functional definition of civilization". [4]

  5. History of Western civilization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../History_of_Western_civilization

    Western civilization traces its roots back to Europe and the Mediterranean. It began in ancient Greece , transformed in ancient Rome , and evolved into Medieval Western Christendom before experiencing such seminal developmental episodes as the development of Scholasticism , the Renaissance , the Reformation , the Enlightenment , the Industrial ...

  6. Western culture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_culture

    Western culture, also known as Western civilization, European civilization, Occidental culture, Western society, or simply the West, refers to the internally diverse culture of the Western world. The term "Western" encompasses the social norms , ethical values , traditional customs , belief systems , political systems , artifacts and ...

  7. Ancient history - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_history

    Ancient history is a time period from the beginning of writing and recorded human history through late antiquity.The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with the development of Sumerian cuneiform script.

  8. The Decline of the West - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Decline_of_the_West

    For him, Civilization is what a Culture becomes once its creative impulses wane and become overwhelmed by critical impulses. Culture is the becoming, Civilization is the thing which a culture becomes. Rousseau, Socrates, and Buddha each mark the point where their Cultures transformed into Civilization. They each buried centuries of spiritual ...

  9. Western world - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_world

    The origins of Western civilization can be traced back to the ancient Mediterranean world. Ancient Greece [d] and Ancient Rome [e] are generally considered to be the birthplaces of Western civilization—Greece having heavily influenced Rome—the former due to its impact on philosophy, democracy, science, aesthetics, as well as building designs and proportions and architecture; the latter due ...