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The term "vitamin K antagonist" is a misnomer, as the drugs do not directly antagonise the action of vitamin K in the pharmacological sense, but rather the recycling of vitamin K. Vitamin K is required for the proper production of certain proteins involved in the blood clotting process.
The SAMe-TT 2 R 2 score [1] [2] is a clinical prediction rule to predict the quality of vitamin K antagonist anticoagulation therapy as measured by time in therapeutic INR range (TTR) (VKA e.g. warfarin). [3]
Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism; [9] prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic complications associated with atrial fibrillation and/or cardiac valve replacement; [9] and reduction in the risk of death, recurrent myocardial infarction, and thromboembolic events such as stroke or systemic embolization after ...
In enzymology, a vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-sensitive) (EC 1.17.4.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction.
In enzymology, a vitamin-K-epoxide reductase (warfarin-insensitive) (EC 1.17.4.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-phytyl-2,3-dihydronaphthoquinone + oxidized dithiothreitol ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydro-2-methyl-3-phytyl-1,4-naphthoquinone + 1,4-dithiothreitol
Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), like warfarin, are often used in those with elevated risks for blood clot formation. [26] VKAs diminish vitamin K levels in the body and inhibit the synthesis of vitamin K dependent clotting factors. [27]
Vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) is an enzyme (EC 1.17.4.4) that reduces vitamin K after it has been oxidised in the carboxylation of glutamic acid residues in blood coagulation enzymes. VKOR is a member of a large family of predicted enzymes that are present in vertebrates, Drosophila , plants, bacteria and archaea . [ 1 ]
Vitamin K is a family of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamers found in foods and marketed as dietary supplements. [1] The human body requires vitamin K for post-synthesis modification of certain proteins that are required for blood coagulation ("K" from Danish koagulation, for "coagulation") or for controlling binding of calcium in bones and other tissues. [2]
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