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The Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine (German: Großherzogtum Hessen und bei Rhein) was a grand duchy in western Germany that existed from 1806 to 1918. The grand duchy originally formed from the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1806 as the Grand Duchy of Hesse (German: Großherzogtum Hessen).
Like many petty German states, the landgraviate comprised a number of disconnected pockets of land (exclaves). These included the southern Starkenburg territory with the Darmstadt residence and the northern province of Upper Hesse with Alsfeld, Giessen, Grünberg, the northwestern hinterland estates around Gladenbach, Biedenkopf and Battenberg as well as the exclave of Vöhl in Lower Hesse.
Between 1807 and 1813 the Grand-Duchy was annexed to the Kingdom of Westphalia. Louis I: 14 June 1753: 1790–1830: 6 April 1830: Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt: Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt 19 February 1777 Darmstadt seven children: Created Grand Duke of Hesse in 1806. Charles: 27 June 1784: 1803–1854: 17 July ...
The Grand Duchy changed its name to the Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine in 1816. In 1867, the northern half of the Grand Duchy (Upper Hesse) became a part of the North German Confederation, while the half of the Grand Duchy south of the Main (Starkenburg and Rhenish Hesse) remained outside. In 1871, it became a constituent state of the German ...
The Residential Palace Darmstadt (German: Residenzschloss Darmstadt, often also called Stadtschloss) is the former residence and administrative seat of the landgraves of Hesse-Darmstadt and from 1806 to 1919 of the Grand Dukes of Hesse-Darmstadt. It is located in the centre of the city of Darmstadt. The palace consists of an older Renaissance ...
The Electorate of Hesse (Hesse-Kassel) was annexed by Prussia in 1866, while the Grand Duchy of Hesse (Hesse-Darmstadt) remained a sovereign realm until the end of the German monarchies in 1918. Since 23 May 2013, the head of the house has been Donatus, Landgrave of Hesse. He descends from the Hesse-Kassel branch of the family, which has been ...
Darmstadt was formerly the capital of a sovereign state, the Grand Duchy of Hesse and its successor, the People's State of Hesse, a federal state of Germany. As the capital of an increasingly prosperous duchy, the city gained some international prominence and remains one of the wealthiest cities in Europe. In the 20th century, industry ...
Louise of Hesse-Darmstadt: Prince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt (Hesse-Darmstadt) 15 February 1761 19 February 1777 13 August 1806 raised to Grand Duchess: 24 October 1829 Louis I: Wilhelmine of Baden: Charles Louis, Hereditary Prince of Baden : 21 September 1788 19 June 1804 16 April 1830 husband accession: 27 January 1836 Louis II