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The list of aircraft carriers of the Soviet Union and Russia includes all aircraft carriers built by, proposed for, or in service with the naval forces of either the Soviet Union or Russia. Although listed as aircraft carriers, none of them (with the exception of the never-built Ulyanovsk ) is a "true" aircraft carrier ( supercarrier ).
Trial support vessels Project 11982: 11982 Trial vessel/Research vessel 2 Seliger: 2012 Black Sea Fleet [312] Ladoga: 2018 [313] Baltic Fleet [314] Hydrographic ships Project 860: Hydrographic ship: 1 Gigrometer: 1965 Baltic Fleet Project 861: Hydrographic ship: 13 1968-1973 [315] Project 852: 852 Hydrographic ship: 1 Admiral Vladimirskiy: 1975 ...
The Russian naval system classifies its Kuznetsov-class ship as a heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser because it was fitted with long-range anti-ship cruise missiles. Under the 1936 Montreux Convention , aircraft carriers heavier than 15,000 tons may not pass through the Turkish Straits .
Design study for an aircraft carrier based on the Chapayev-class. Cancelled 1940. [49] 71B 1939 30 600 0 Design study for an aircraft carrier based on the Kronshtadt-class, Cancelled 1939. [48] [49] 72 Aircraft Carrier 1945 28 880 0 Design study, cancelled 1945. [49] 73 73 Minesweeper Vladimir Polukhin-class 1942 15 0
Vessels which meet the criteria of an aircraft carrier but are named as cruisers (or destroyers, etc.) for political or treaty reasons such as the Russian Kuznetsov-class aircraft carriers or British Invincible-class aircraft carriers are included however.
The next class of Soviet aircraft carriers, named the Admiral Kuznetsov class, supported more conventional aircraft such as the Su-33 "Flanker-D" and the MiG-29 "Fulcrum". [4] Land-based aircraft such as the Tupolev Tu-16 "Badger" and Tu-22M "Backfire" bombers were deployed with high-speed anti-ship missiles.
The "cruiser" role is facilitated by Admiral Kuznetsov ' s complement of 12 long-range surface-to-surface anti-ship P-700 Granit (NATO reporting name: Shipwreck) cruise missiles, resulting in the ship's Russian type designator of "heavy aircraft-carrying missile cruiser".
Kuznetsov-class aircraft carriers are designated as heavy aircraft-carrying cruisers by the Russian Navy because their main strike armament is long-range anti-ship cruise missiles and the air wing is intended for defensive purposes. The flight deck area of the class is 14,700 square metres (158,000 sq ft), and aircraft takeoff is assisted by a ...