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It is used as a surrogate in place of HCN, as illustrated by its use as a precursor to lithium cyanide: [8] (CH 3) 2 C(OH)CN + LiH → (CH 3) 2 CO + LiCN + H 2. In transhydrocyanation, an equivalent of HCN is transferred from acetone cyanohydrin to another acceptor, with acetone as byproduct. The transfer is an equilibrium process, initiated by ...
The structure of a general cyanohydrin. In organic chemistry, a cyanohydrin or hydroxynitrile is a functional group found in organic compounds in which a cyano and a hydroxy group are attached to the same carbon atom. The general formula is R 2 C(OH)CN, where R is H, alkyl, or aryl.
Linamarin is a cyanogenic glucoside found in the leaves and roots of plants such as cassava, lima beans, and flax.It is a glucoside of acetone cyanohydrin.Upon exposure to enzymes and gut flora in the human intestine, linamarin and its methylated relative lotaustralin can decompose to the toxic chemical hydrogen cyanide; hence food uses of plants that contain significant quantities of ...
In transhydrocyanation, an equivalent of HCN is transferred from a cyanohydrin, e.g. acetone cyanohydrin, to another HCN acceptor. The transfer is an equilibrium process, initiated by base. The reaction can be driven by trapping reactions or by the use of a superior HCN acceptor, such as an aldehyde. [6]
The principal route begins with the condensation of acetone and hydrogen cyanide: [4] (CH 3) 2 CO + HCN → (CH 3) 2 C(OH)CN. Sulfuric acid then hydrolyzes acetone cyanohydrin (ACH) to a sulfate ester-adduct, which is cracked to the ester: (CH 3) 2 C(OH)CN + 2H 2 SO 4 → ((CH 3) 2 C(OSO 3 H)C(O)NH 2 ·H 2 SO 4 → (CH 3) 2 C(OSO 3 H)C(O)NH 2 ...
Cyanohydrin reaction of formaldehyde to hydroxyacetonitrile or glycolonitrile with sodium cyanide in Organic Syntheses Coll. Vol. 2, p. 387; Vol. 13, p. 56 Article ...
Hydrogen cyanide (formerly known as prussic acid) is a chemical compound with the formula HCN and structural formula H−C≡N.It is a highly toxic and flammable liquid that boils slightly above room temperature, at 25.6 °C (78.1 °F).
LiCN is produced from the reaction of lithium hydroxide and hydrogen cyanide. A laboratory-scale preparation uses acetone cyanohydrin as a surrogate for HCN: [5] (CH 3) 2 C(OH)CN + LiH → (CH 3) 2 CO + LiCN + H 2