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Euglenaceae (also known as Euglenidae) is a family of flagellates in the phylum Euglenozoa. The family includes the most well-known euglenoid genus, Euglena. [1]
Euglenales consists mostly of freshwater organisms, in contrast to its sister Eutreptiales which is generally marine. Cells have two flagella, but only one is emergent; the other is very short and does not emerge from the cell, so cells appear to have only one flagellum. [3]
Euglena is a genus of single cell flagellate eukaryotes.It is the best known and most widely studied member of the class Euglenoidea, a diverse group containing some 54 genera and at least 200 species.
Euglenophyceae or Euglenea is a group of single-celled algae belonging to the phylum Euglenozoa. [2] [3] They have chloroplasts originated from an event of secondary endosymbiosis with a green alga.
For example, one family has the name Euglenaceae under the ICNafp and the name Euglenidae under the ICZN. As another example, the genus name Dinema is acceptable under the ICZN, but illegitimate under the ICNafp, as it is a later homonym of an orchid genus, so that the synonym Dinematomonas must be used instead.
Euglena gracilis is the most studied member of the Euglenaceae. E. gracilis was discovered as an effective bioindicator for phenol pollution in freshwater ecosystems and drainage. [3] Their brief generating duration and particular biological reactions make it optimal for measuring phenol concentrations in the natural environment. [3]
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Euglena sanguinea is a species of the genus Euglena.The red colour is due to the presence of astaxanthin and the cells can be populous enough to colour water red. The pigment is used to protect the chloroplasts from light that is too intense, but as the light levels change the cells can take on a green colour as the red pigment is moved to the centre of the cells.