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Naturally occurring ruthenium (44 Ru) is composed of seven stable isotopes (of which two may in the future be found radioactive). Additionally, 27 radioactive isotopes have been discovered. Of these radioisotopes, the most stable are 106 Ru, with a half-life of 373.59 days; 103 Ru, with a half-life of 39.26 days and 97 Ru, with a half-life of 2 ...
After allowing the unstable isotopes of ruthenium to decay, chemical extraction could yield ruthenium for use in all applications of ruthenium. [32] [33] Ruthenium can also be produced by deliberate nuclear transmutation from 99 Tc. Given its relatively long half life, high fission product yield and high chemical mobility in the environment, 99
The ruthenium in PUREX raffinate can become oxidized to form volatile ruthenium tetroxide which forms a purple vapour above the surface of the aqueous liquor. The ruthenium tetroxide is very similar to osmium tetroxide; the ruthenium compound is a stronger oxidant which enables it to form deposits by reacting with other substances. In this way ...
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Naturally occurring platinum and platinum-rich alloys were known by pre-Columbian Americans for many years. [5] However, even though the metal was used by pre-Columbian peoples, the first European reference to platinum appears in 1557 in the writings of the Italian humanist Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484–1558) as a description of a mysterious metal found in Central American mines between ...
No isotopes known, Isobox does not exist: local input, per Infobox. For example: Transclusion of the isobox is suppressed (no redlink), E119: |theoretical isotopes comment=Experiments and theoretical calculations Applied: E119 and up: have no Isobox, so no isotopes lists is shown—at all. Instead, the parametertext is shown as present.
Isotopes of ruthenium (55 P) Pages in category "Ruthenium" The following 7 pages are in this category, out of 7 total. This list may not reflect recent changes. ...
Abundance (atom fraction) of the chemical elements in Earth's upper continental crust as a function of atomic number; [5] siderophiles shown in yellow. Graphs of abundance against atomic number can reveal patterns relating abundance to stellar nucleosynthesis and geochemistry.