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  2. Fick's laws of diffusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fick's_laws_of_diffusion

    Fick's first law relates the diffusive flux to the gradient of the concentration. It postulates that the flux goes from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration, with a magnitude that is proportional to the concentration gradient (spatial derivative), or in simplistic terms the concept that a solute will move from a region of high concentration to a region of low ...

  3. Diffusiophoresis and diffusioosmosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusiophoresis_and_diff...

    ⁡ is the gradient, i.e., rate of change with position, of the logarithm of the salt concentration, which is equivalent to the rate of change of the salt concentration, divided by the salt concentration – it is effectively one over the distance over which the concentration decreases by a factor of e. The above equation is approximate, and ...

  4. Active transport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_transport

    This process is in contrast to passive transport, which allows molecules or ions to move down their concentration gradient, from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, without energy. Active transport is essential for various physiological processes, such as nutrient uptake, hormone secretion, and nerve impulse transmission.

  5. Molecular diffusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_diffusion

    Once the concentrations are equal the molecules continue to move, but since there is no concentration gradient the process of molecular diffusion has ceased and is instead governed by the process of self-diffusion, originating from the random motion of the molecules. The result of diffusion is a gradual mixing of material such that the ...

  6. Diffusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion

    For example, oxygen can diffuse through cell membranes so long as there is a higher concentration of oxygen outside the cell. However, because the movement of molecules is random, occasionally oxygen molecules move out of the cell (against the concentration gradient).

  7. Atomic diffusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_diffusion

    There is a concentration gradient in the balloon wall, because the balloon was initially filled with helium, and thus there is plenty of helium on the inside, but there is relatively little helium on the outside (helium is not a major component of air). The rate of transport is governed by the diffusivity and the concentration gradient.

  8. Transcellular transport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcellular_transport

    In contrast, paracellular transport is the transfer of substances across an epithelium by passing through an intercellular space between the cells. It differs from transcellular transport, where the substances travel through the cell passing through both the apical membrane and basolateral membrane; Renal physiology. Transcellular transport is ...

  9. Dispersion (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersion_(chemistry)

    This unequal distribution results in a concentration gradient that drives the dispersion of particles in the medium so that the concentration is constant across the entire bulk. With respect to convection, variations in velocity between flow paths in the bulk facilitate the distribution of the dispersed material into the medium.