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1804 map of "Louisiana", bounded on the west by the Rocky Mountains Throughout the second half of the 18th century, the French colony of Louisiana became a pawn for European political intrigue. [ 6 ] The colony was the most substantial presence of France's overseas empire , with other possessions consisting of a few small settlements along the ...
The clause in Article III of the St. Ildefonso treaty, "the 'extent that it now has in the hands of Spain' did not mean to include West Florida, for the latter was separate from Louisiana in the Spanish mind; and in governmental ordinances and treaties the Floridas are always specified as distinct from Louisiana, Cuba and other Spanish possessions.
The area that later became the Florida Parishes on the east side of the Mississippi River was not included in Orleans Territory at this time, as it was in the Spanish territory of West Florida. This area was formally appended to the territory on April 14, 1812, [ 6 ] after having been annexed forcibly by the U.S. in 1810, although Spain did not ...
British West Florida was a colony of the Kingdom of Great Britain from 1763 until 1783, when it was ceded to Spain as part of the Peace of Paris. British West Florida comprised parts of the modern U.S. states of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida. Effective British control ended in 1781 when Spain captured Pensacola.
This cession did not include West Florida. In 1803, France then sold Louisiana and New Orleans to the United States in the Louisiana Purchase. [3] The U.S. claimed that West Florida was part of the Louisiana Purchase, a claim disputed by Spain, as it had controlled West Florida as a province separate from Spanish Louisiana since 1783.
Those with Spanish land grants predating the sale of the Louisiana Purchase to the United States were granted first class claims. [4]) Some of the settlers from the United States would form the nucleus of the Louisiana Redbone community. This lawless area also attracted exiles, deserters, political refugees, fortune hunters, and a variety of ...
The acquisition expanded the United States to the whole of the Mississippi River basin, [o] but the extent of what constituted Louisiana in the south was disputed with Spain: the United States claimed the purchase included the part of West Florida west of the Perdido River, whereas Spain claimed it ended at the western border of West Florida ...
US President James Madison proclaimed the annexation of the Baton Rouge and Mobile Districts of West Florida, declaring them part of the Louisiana Purchase. The US Army occupied the capital, St. Francisville, on December 6 and Baton Rouge on December 10, bringing an end to the Republic of West Florida after 79 days.