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  2. Symbolic power - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolic_power

    Also referred to as soft power, symbolic power includes actions that have discriminatory or injurious meaning or implications, such as gender dominance and racism. Symbolic power maintains its effect through the mis-recognition of power relations situated in the social matrix of a given field. While symbolic power requires a dominator, it also ...

  3. Marginalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marginalism

    The rate of substitution is the least favorable rate at which an agent is willing to exchange units of one good or service for units of another. The marginal rate of substitution (MRS) is the rate of substitution at the margin; in other words, given some constraint.

  4. Attribute substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attribute_substitution

    Attribute substitution is a psychological process thought to underlie a number of cognitive biases and perceptual illusions. It occurs when an individual has to make a judgment (of a target attribute ) that is computationally complex, and instead substitutes a more easily calculated heuristic attribute . [ 1 ]

  5. List of cognitive biases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

    Attribute substitution: Occurs when a judgment has to be made (of a target attribute) that is computationally complex, and instead a more easily calculated heuristic attribute is substituted. This substitution is thought of as taking place in the automatic intuitive judgment system, rather than the more self-aware reflective system. Curse of ...

  6. Extreme Overvalued Beliefs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extreme_Overvalued_Beliefs

    Notably, both delusions and obsessions are different from extreme overvalued beliefs. While extreme overvalued beliefs are shared by individuals of the same culture and/or subculture, [1] this is not true of delusions. A delusion is an inherently false belief that is not shared by anyone else, while an extreme overvalued belief is shared by ...

  7. Thought disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thought_disorder

    A thought disorder (TD) is a disturbance in cognition which affects language, thought and communication. [1] [2] Psychiatric and psychological glossaries in 2015 and 2017 identified thought disorders as encompassing poverty of ideas, neologisms, paralogia (a reasoning disorder characterized by expression of illogical or delusional thoughts), word salad, and delusions—all disturbances of ...

  8. Salva veritate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salva_veritate

    In Chapter 19, Definition 1, Leibniz writes: "Two terms are the same (eadem) if one can be substituted for the other without altering the truth of any statement (salva veritate)." In Chapter 20, Definition 1, Leibniz writes: "Terms which can be substituted for one another wherever we please without altering the truth of any statement ( salva ...

  9. Discourse of power - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discourse_of_power

    The media is a hegemonic form of power that maintains their position, not through force, but through elaboration of a particular world view, an ideology, or a particular notion of common sense, which is widely infused into everyday cultural practices. This results in people consenting to power even when it may not be in their best interest. [6]