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Return loss is related to both standing wave ratio (SWR) and reflection coefficient (Γ). Increasing return loss corresponds to lower SWR. Return loss is a measure of how well devices or lines are matched. A match is good if the return loss is high. A high return loss is desirable and results in a lower insertion loss.
In telecommunications and transmission line theory, the reflection coefficient is the ratio of the complex amplitude of the reflected wave to that of the incident wave. The voltage and current at any point along a transmission line can always be resolved into forward and reflected traveling waves given a specified reference impedance Z 0.
This is correct for reflection coefficients with a magnitude no greater than unity, which is usually the case. A reflection coefficient with a magnitude greater than unity, such as in a tunnel diode amplifier, will result in a negative value for this expression. VSWR, however, from its definition, is always positive.
— A flash demonstration of transmission line reflection and SWR "VSWR". telestrian.co.uk. — An online conversion tool between SWR, return loss and reflection coefficient "Online VSWR Calculator". emtalk.com. "VSWR tutorial". electronics-notes.com. antennas & propagation. — Series of pages dealing with all aspects of VSWR, reflection ...
In real systems, relatively little loss is due to mismatch loss and is often on the order of 1dB [dubious – discuss]. According to Walter Maxwell [2] mismatch does not result in any loss ("wasted" signal), except through the transmission line. This is because the signal reflected from the load is transmitted back to the source, where it is re ...
A time-domain reflectometer; an instrument used to locate the position of faults on lines from the time taken for a reflected wave to return from the discontinuity.. A signal travelling along an electrical transmission line will be partly, or wholly, reflected back in the opposite direction when the travelling signal encounters a discontinuity in the characteristic impedance of the line, or if ...
For the loss free case therefore, the expression for complex reflection coefficient becomes Γ = Γ L exp ( − 2 j β ℓ ) {\displaystyle \Gamma =\Gamma _{\text{L}}\exp(-2j\beta \ell )\,} where Γ L {\displaystyle \Gamma _{\text{L}}\,} is the reflection coefficient at the load, and ℓ {\displaystyle \ell \,} is the line length from the ...
Mathematically, it is defined using the reflection coefficient. [2] Because the principles are the same, this concept is perhaps easiest to understand when considering an optical fiber. Imperfections in the glass create mirrors that reflect the light back along the fiber. [3]