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Emergency free ascent (EFA) is like a controlled emergency swimming ascent without a regulator in the mouth. It is considered unacceptably hazardous for training purposes by some agencies. [6] [7] Emergency swimming ascent (ESA) is a free ascent where the diver swims to the surface at either negative or approximately neutral buoyancy.
The procedures are intended to limit risk of barotrauma of ascent and decompression sickness, while maintaining an efficient ascent profile. One of the most important criteria for a controlled ascent is control of the ascent rate, both during the periods of active ascent (pulls), and periods of staged decompression (stops). [5]
A pony bottle or pony cylinder is a small diving cylinder which is fitted with an independent regulator, and is usually carried by a scuba diver as an auxiliary scuba set.In an emergency, such as depletion of the diver's main air supply, it can be used as an alternative air source or bailout bottle to allow a normal ascent in place of a controlled emergency swimming ascent.
A "no-stop dive", also commonly but inaccurately referred to as a "no-decompression" dive is a dive that needs no decompression stops during the ascent according to the chosen algorithm or tables, [14] and relies on a controlled ascent rate for the elimination of excess inert gases. In effect, the diver is doing continuous decompression during ...
Buddy breathing is a rescue technique used in scuba diving "out-of-gas" emergencies, when two divers share one demand valve, alternately breathing from it.Techniques have been developed for buddy breathing from both twin-hose and single hose regulators, but to a large extent it has been superseded by safer and more reliable techniques using additional equipment, such as the use of a bailout ...
Normal diving decompression procedures range from continuous ascent for no-stop dives, where the necessary decompression occurs during the ascent, which is kept to a controlled rate for this purpose, [16] through staged decompression in open water or in a bell, [17] [18] or following the decompression ceiling, to decompression from saturation ...
Controlled emergency swimming ascent; D. Diver rescue; E. Emergency air sharing; Emergency ascent; Emergency breathing gas sharing; Emergency buoyant ascent;
Ditching weights at depth to establish positive buoyancy will generally prevent a properly controlled ascent. The risk of drowning due to running out of breathing gas is exchanged for the risk of decompression sickness. Accidental loss of weights when there is no emergency will cause an emergency if there is a decompression obligation. [26]