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Emergency free ascent (EFA) is like a controlled emergency swimming ascent without a regulator in the mouth. It is considered unacceptably hazardous for training purposes by some agencies. [6] [7] Emergency swimming ascent (ESA) is a free ascent where the diver swims to the surface at either negative or approximately neutral buoyancy.
When an unforeseen emergency occurs, the diver, and where relevant, the diving team, must make the best of the situation using the skills, knowledge, intelligence and facilities they have available. Many types of emergency are best avoided simply by not diving in circumstances beyond those in which the diver is known to be competent.
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The procedures are intended to limit risk of barotrauma of ascent and decompression sickness, while maintaining an efficient ascent profile. One of the most important criteria for a controlled ascent is control of the ascent rate, both during the periods of active ascent (pulls), and periods of staged decompression (stops). [5]
Controlled emergency swimming ascent – Ascent where there may be a small amount of breathing gas which becomes available due to ambient pressure reduction. Cut free from entanglement. Ditch weights to establish buoyancy – Removal of some or all ballast weights to establish neutral or positive buoyancy underwater, or to establish positive ...
Controlled emergency swimming ascent; D. DAN World; Decompression chamber operation; Decompression planning; Deep air diving blackout; Delta-P (hazard)
Controlled emergency swimming ascent (CESA) – Emergency procedure for scuba divers when out of air; Coral reef – Outcrop of rock in the sea formed by the growth and deposit of stony coral skeletons; Coral Reef Alliance – Non-profit, environmental NGO focused on protecting coral reefs
emergency swimming ascent. Also: "ESA", "Controlled emergency swimming ascent", "CESA" See: Emergency swimming ascent. Emergency procedure where the diver makes an ascent at approximately neutral buoyancy from depth after a breathing gas supply failure. encapsulation