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Emergency free ascent (EFA) is like a controlled emergency swimming ascent without a regulator in the mouth. It is considered unacceptably hazardous for training purposes by some agencies. [6] [7] Emergency swimming ascent (ESA) is a free ascent where the diver swims to the surface at either negative or approximately neutral buoyancy.
Controlled emergency swimming ascent; D. Diver rescue; E. Emergency air sharing; Emergency ascent; Emergency breathing gas sharing; Emergency buoyant ascent;
The procedures are intended to limit risk of barotrauma of ascent and decompression sickness, while maintaining an efficient ascent profile. One of the most important criteria for a controlled ascent is control of the ascent rate, both during the periods of active ascent (pulls), and periods of staged decompression (stops). [5]
When an unforeseen emergency occurs, the diver, and where relevant, the diving team, must make the best of the situation using the skills, knowledge, intelligence and facilities they have available. Many types of emergency are best avoided simply by not diving in circumstances beyond those in which the diver is known to be competent.
A similar application is used for emergency ascent when the diver is unable to establish neutral to negative buoyancy, or when this is expected to occur at some point during the ascent, and the diver has a decompression obligation, as when ballast weights have been lost, but the diver is still at the bottom and has a ratchet reel with ...
Controlled emergency swimming ascent – Ascent where there may be a small amount of breathing gas which becomes available due to ambient pressure reduction. Cut free from entanglement. Ditch weights to establish buoyancy – Removal of some or all ballast weights to establish neutral or positive buoyancy underwater, or to establish positive ...
Emergency procedure – Plan of action to deal with an emergency; Emergency Response Diving International (ERDI) – American organisation for training and certification of emergency response divers; Emergency response plan – Action to be taken in specific emergencies; Emergency swimming ascent (ESA) – Emergency procedure used by scuba divers
Estimation of gas quantities for reasonably foreseeable contingencies. Under stress it is likely that a diver will increase breathing rate and decrease swimming speed. Both of these lead to a higher gas consumption during an emergency exit or ascent. [1] Choice of cylinders to carry the required gases. Each cylinder volume and working pressure ...