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Soybean rust is a disease that affects soybeans and other legumes. It is caused by two types of fungi, Phakopsora pachyrhizi, commonly known as Asian soybean rust, and Phakopsora meibomiae, commonly known as New World soybean rust. P. meibomiae is the weaker pathogen of the two and generally does not cause widespread problems.
The disease reaches its climax when the crop begins flowering. The cycle of the pathogen continues until the crop is defoliated or until the environment becomes unfavorable to the pathogen. [8] The Asian soybean rust is a polycyclic disease: within the disease cycle, the asexual urediniospores keep infecting the same plant.
A variety of preventative methods can be employed for rust diseases: High moisture levels may exacerbate rust disease symptoms. The avoidance of overhead watering at night, using drip irrigation, reducing crop density, and using fans to circulate air flow may decrease disease severity. The use of rust resistant plant varieties
Fungal diseases; Alternaria leaf spot Alternaria spp. [citation needed] Anthracnose Colletotrichum truncatum Colletotrichum dematium f. truncatum Glomerella glycines Colletotrichum destructivum [anamorph] Black leaf blight Arkoola nigra. Black root rot Thielaviopsis basicola Chalara elegans [synanamorph] Brown spot Septoria glycines
When the soybean cyst nematode is a J2 it may then enter the root of the plant, usually just behind the root tip. [9] Once the SCNs have gained entry into the root, they can create specialized feeding cells called syncytia by penetrating the pericycle, endodermis , or cortex cell with their stylet in order to take in nutrients from the plant. [ 9 ]
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a plant pathogenic fungus and can cause a disease called white mold if conditions are conducive. S. sclerotiorum can also be known as cottony rot, watery soft rot, stem rot, drop, crown rot and blossom blight. A key characteristic of this pathogen is its ability to produce black resting structures known as sclerotia ...
An Azerbaijani airliner carrying 67 people crashed near the city of Aktau in Kazakhstan on Wednesday, killing at least 38 who were on board, according to a Kazakh official.
These genes determine how rust fungi permit infection to their host and how the host can resist infection. In addition, Flor developed a chart to distinguish races of flax rust. Flor believes the identification of flax rust races can promote the pathogenicity of rust fungi, [clarification needed] which he tested using ultraviolet radiation. [3] [4]