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Larger white patches are more likely to undergo malignant transformation than smaller lesions. [3] White patches which have been present for a long period of time have a higher risk. [3] Persons with a positive family history of cancer in the mouth. [3] Candida infection in the presence of dysplasia has a small increased risk. [3]
In pseudomembraneous candidiasis, the membranous slough can be wiped away to reveal an erythematous surface underneath. This is helpful in distinguishing pseudomembraneous candidiasis from other white lesions in the mouth that cannot be wiped away, such as lichen planus, oral hairy leukoplakia. Erythematous candidiasis can mimic geographic tongue.
Dental plaque is considered a biofilm adhered to the tooth surface. It is a meticulously formed microbial community, that is organised to a particular structure and function. [12] Plaque is rich in species, given the fact that about 1000 different bacterial species have been recognised using modern techniques. [13]
The bacteria is usually only found in the mouth, far from the colon. In the mouth, it’s one of the most common types of disease-causing bacteria , linked to gum disease and plaque buildup.
Hairy leukoplakia is a white patch on the side of the tongue with a corrugated or hairy appearance. It is caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and occurs usually in persons who are immunocompromised , especially those with human immunodeficiency virus infection/ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS).
There is a diffuse, gray-white, milky opalescent appearance of the mucosa which usually occurs bilaterally on the buccal mucosa. Less often, the labial mucosa, the palate or the floor of mouth may be affected. The surface of the area is folded, creating a wrinkled, white streaked lesion. [2]
Oral Fordyce granules appear as rice-like granules, white or yellow-white in color. They are painless papules (small bumps), about 1–3 mm in greatest dimension. The most common site is along the line between the vermilion border and the oral mucosa of the upper lip, or on the buccal mucosa (inside the cheeks) in the commissural region, [ 10 ...
When it comes to muscular diseases, most of us have heard of especially common ones like muscular dystrophy and Lou Gehrig's disease.But one of the rarest muscular disorders is also one of the ...
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