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A girt is a vertically aligned girder placed to resist shear loads. Small steel girders are rolled into shape. Larger girders (1 m/3 feet deep or more) are made as plate girders, welded or bolted together from separate pieces of steel plate. [2] The Warren type girder replaces the solid web with an open latticework truss between the flanges ...
[5] [6] The term truss has often been used to describe any assembly of members such as a cruck frame [7] [8] or a couple of rafters. [9] [10] One engineering definition is: "A truss is a single plane framework of individual structural member [sic] connected at their ends of forms a series of triangle [sic] to span a large distance". [11]
This includes the girders themselves, diaphragms or cross-braces, and (if applicable) the truss or arch system. In a girder bridge this would include only the girders and the bracing system. The girders are the primary load support, while the bracing system both allows the girders to act together as a unit, and prevents the beams from toppling.
A truss bridge is a bridge whose load-bearing superstructure is composed of a truss, a structure of connected elements, usually forming triangular units.The connected elements, typically straight, may be stressed from tension, compression, or sometimes both in response to dynamic loads.
A Vierendeel bridge is a bridge employing a Vierendeel truss, named after Arthur Vierendeel, a Belgian engineer who proposed this new bridge girder-type without diagonals in 1896. [1] Such trusses are made up of rectangular rather than triangular frames, as are common in bridges using pin–joints.
Steel joists and Joist Girders being erected. In structural engineering, the open web steel joist (OWSJ) is a lightweight steel truss consisting, in the standard form, of parallel chords and a triangulated web system, proportioned to span between bearing points.
Darcy Lever lattice girder railway bridge, Lancashire, England. Laced vertical struts and diagonal ties on the cantilever portion of the now-demolished eastern span of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge) A lattice girder is a truss girder where the load is carried by a web of latticed metal. [1]
Plate girder bridges are suitable for short to medium spans and may support railroads, highways, or other traffic. Plate girders are usually prefabricated and the length limit is frequently set by the mode of transportation used to move the girder from the bridge shop to the bridge site. [3] Anatomy of a plate girder.