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miRNA biogenesis in plants differs from animal biogenesis mainly in the steps of nuclear processing and export. Instead of being cleaved by two different enzymes, once inside and once outside the nucleus, both cleavages of the plant miRNA are performed by a Dicer homolog, called Dicer-like1 (DL1). DL1 is expressed only in the nucleus of plant ...
The Let-7 microRNA precursor gives rise to let-7, a microRNA (miRNA) involved in control of stem-cell division and differentiation. [1] let-7, short for "lethal-7", was discovered along with the miRNA lin-4 in a study of developmental timing in C. elegans, [2] making these miRNAs the first ever discovered.
[1] [2] These short hairpin introns formed via atypical miRNA biogenesis pathways. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Mirtrons arise from the spliced-out introns and are known to function in gene expression. Mirtrons were first identified in Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans .
These two proteins homeostatically control miRNA biogenesis by an auto-feedback loop. [16] A 2nt 3' overhang is generated by Drosha in the nucleus recognized by Dicer in the cytoplasm, which couples the upstream and downstream processing events. Pre-miRNA is then further processed by the RNase Dicer into mature miRNAs in the cell cytoplasm.
In the past it had always been said that the same miRNA precursor generates the same miRNA sequences. However, the advent of deep sequencing has now allowed researchers to detect a huge variability in miRNA biogenesis, meaning that from the same miRNA precursor many different sequences can be generated potentially have different targets, [ 3 ...
Many mammalian genomes encode four closely related miR-29 precursors that are transcribed in two transcriptional units. For example, human miR-29a and miR-29b-1 are processed from an intron of a long non-coding transcript pri-miRNA (lnc-pri-miRNA) LOC646329 from chromosome 7. miR-29b-2 (identical in sequence to miR-29b-1) and miR-29c are co-transcribed from chromosome 1.
MicroRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq), a type of RNA-Seq, is the use of next-generation sequencing or massively parallel high-throughput DNA sequencing to sequence microRNAs, also called miRNAs. miRNA-seq differs from other forms of RNA-seq in that input material is often enriched for small RNAs. miRNA-seq allows researchers to examine tissue-specific expression patterns, disease associations, and ...
The RNA-induced silencing complex, or RISC, is a multiprotein complex, specifically a ribonucleoprotein, which functions in gene silencing via a variety of pathways at the transcriptional and translational levels. [1]